WHO Ebola Press Release II

Mike Gurstein (mailto:mikeg@NYWORK2.UNDP.ORG)
Fri, 12 May 1995 18:48:41 -0400

Message-ID:  <Pine.SUN.3.90.950512184554.3884A-100000@nywork2.undp.org>
Date:         Fri, 12 May 1995 18:48:41 -0400
From: Mike Gurstein <mailto:mikeg@NYWORK2.UNDP.ORG>
Subject:      WHO Ebola Press Release II
To: Multiple recipients of list DEVEL-L

                                                       H/2867
                                                       11 May 1995

EBOLA VIRUS CONFIRMED IN FATAL ZAIRE OUTBREAK

GENEVA, 11 May (WHO) -- THe World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed today that the Ebola virus is implicated in the outbreak of haemorrhagic fever in Zaire which has caused at least 59 deaths. The confirmation is based on the results of laboratory tests of specimens taken from patients in Zaire, and sent to the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research at the United States Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia.

A WHO team of experts has arrived in Kikwit, the city at the centre of the outbreak, some 300 kilometres east of the capital, Kinshasa. The experts found the 350-bed city hospital abandoned but for about 20 ill patients. In view of the dispersal of patients and staff from the hospital, the WHO believes that more cases of Ebola disease will occur in the vicinity. The WHO team has also heard reports of about 20 suspected cases in a second hospital, about 100 kilometres south of Kikwit, which received one of the patients from Kikwit.

Dr. Ralph Henderson, an Assistant Director-General at the WHO, said "given that many patients have left the Kikwit hospital, we must expect some additional transmission of the disease. However, we believe this will be limited to people who are in prolonged intimate contact with sufferers of the disease. It is unlikely that this outbreak will have implications for Zaire as a whole or for international travel".

He said that two relatives of an Italian nun nurse who died in the outbreak had returned to Italy from Zaire and were under close medical surveillance, but were showing no symptoms of infection.

The WHO team is made up of about 10 experts from the WHO, from the United States Centers for Disease Control, from the Pasteur Institute in Paris and form the National Institute for Virology in Johannesburg, South Africa. At the request of the Government of Zaire, they are investigating the outbreak and assisting in efforts to contain it, as well as advising local health officials on the care and management of patients. The WHO is also providing sterile gowns and other equipment for medical staff in Kikwit.

(more)

- 2 - Press Release H/2867 11 May 1995

Ebola virus was first identified in 1976 in Zaire. Ebola disease, a form of haemorrhagic fever, is a very rare but highly fatal infection which

has had mortality rates as high as 80 per cent. The only reported outbreaks were in Zaire and the Sudan in 1976 and 1979.

Symptoms of the disease include the sudden onset of fever, followed by vomiting and diarrhoea. The primary mode of transmission of the virus is contact with contaminated blood, secretions or body fluids. Contaminated needles and syringes were a cause of transmission in previous cases in Zaire. THe virus is not easily transmitted, however, and requires intimate contact with an infected person, such as close nursing contact, or with contaminated materials.

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