Archival Color...

Paul R Montague (mailto:Montague-Paul@OPHTHALMOLOGY-PO.OPHTH.UIOWA.EDU)
Fri, 19 Aug 1994 08:18:00 CST

Message-Id: <mailto:199408191333.IAA03993@library.wustl.edu>
Date:         Fri, 19 Aug 1994 08:18:00 CST
From: Paul R Montague <mailto:Montague-Paul@OPHTHALMOLOGY-PO.OPHTH.UIOWA.EDU>
Subject:      Archival Color...
To: Multiple recipients of list IMAGELIB <mailto:IMAGELIB@ARIZVM1.BITNET>

     Hi imagelib...

I monitor this list in digest mode. The following comments came from yesterday's discussion.....

"Firstly, the "slides" provide a second archival medium for a record. Secod/Second, they are inevitable a higher resolution than anything that you could dream of digitizing. The particale size /resolution of even 35mm film far exceeds the 4000 pixel resolution of "high-res " digitization. If you made 4x5 slides. The comparison would be so extreme that the comparison is sort of ridiculous. Third, the portability and ease of use. There are many circumstances in which 35mm slides are simply easier to use, ie., submissions for publication, presentations at conferences, etc. Fourth, 35mm slides are easier to get digitized than odd-sized paper. There are all sorts of slide scanners as was pointed out in previous discussions.

Ektachrome and other E-6 films (Fujichrome, Agfachrome, etc) will last around 30 years before the dyes begin to degrade. Kodachrome (K-14) will last slightly longer, perhaps in the 50 year range. All color film dyes fade with time, so I believe it is difficult to ever call a color photograph "archival".

We all know that properly processed and stored black and white silver images can survive for over one hundred fifty years, since we have images which are so old. Relatively permanent color images can be made with three black and white separation negatives instead of one color negative (or positive). The old Technicolor movies were done this way... Look at a new print of the Wizard of Oz, which was filmed with the old Technicolor system on three black and white separation negatives. The colors are as vibrant as ever.

The resolving power of Kodachrome 25 is in the range of 125 line pairs per millimeter with a 1000:1 test object. Mathematically, that works out to about 6000x9000 pixels. However, film resolution is not measured in a way that can be related to pixels directly. The more important question is "At what pixel resolution can an observer no longer differentiate between digital and film resolution". A study has been devised to address that question. A collection of images are being distributed among 600 observers. *Preliminary* findings indicate observers loose their ability to distinguish with digitized resolutions beyond 1024x1536 pixels.

This isn't an argument for or against anything. Just some thoughts that might be useful in making decisions...

mailto:paul-montague@uiowa.edu