Message-Id: <199709051541.IAA13742@dns.ccit.arizona.edu> Date: Fri, 5 Sep 1997 08:45:23 -0700 From: Paul Andersen <mailto:paul_andersen@ONLINE.DISNEY.COM> Subject: Re: 20 Year Price List from 3 Day UCLA Extension Document Imaging To: mailto:IMAGELIB@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU
Steve,I'm glad to hear that you are the instructor and no copyright infringment is happening. I have two degrees from UCLA an am a bit protective.
Yes, I did find your postings to be interesting, however, my position here at Disney Online does not require me to overs e the image collections anymore so I really don't have practical use.
Thanks for sharing,
Paul =========== REPLY PARTITION ===========
On 09/04/97, at 06:16 PM, Steve Gilheany wrote:
>Hi Paul,
>
>Thanks for your interest in my class.
>
>I am the instructor and I own the copyrights to the contents of this
>message because I wrote them and did not sell the copyright.
>
>While I can say more about this information in my class, I would like to
>make this information available to people so they can use it in their jobs.
>
>Please let me know if it was useful to you.
>
>
>Thanks
>
>Steve
>
>
>Steve Gilheany
>Tel: (310) 937-4757 Fax: (310) 937-4758
mailto:>SteveGilheany@worldnet.att.net >
>
>----------
>> From: Paul Andersen <mailto:paul_andersen@ONLINE.DISNEY.COM>
>> To: mailto:IMAGELIB@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU
>> Subject: Re: 20 Year Price List from 3 Day UCLA Extension Document
>ImagingCourse
>> Date: Thursday, September 04, 1997 8:56 AM
>>
>> This is not the first email I have seen posting information from a UCLA
>extension text. If I am not mistaken even course handouts are protected by
>copyright. Have you received permission from the author or instructor to
>post this message?
>>
>> =========== REPLY PARTITION ===========
>>
>> On 09/03/97, at 12:11 AM, Steve Gilheany wrote:
>>
>> >20 Year Price List from 3 Day UCLA Extension Document Imaging Course
>> >
>> >-------
>> > Course Handout on the Cost of 1 TeraByte of Magnetic Disk Storage over
>the
>> >next 20 years.
>> >-------
>> >
>> >
>> >20 Year Price List for the Cost of 1 TeraByte of Magnetic Disk Storage
>(*1)
>> >
>> >1994 $1,000,000.00
>> >1995 $400,000.00
>> >1996 $160,000.00
>> >1997 $64,000.00
>> >1998 $25,600.00
>> >1999 $10,240.00
>> >2000 $4,096.00
>> >2001 $1,638.40
>> >2002 $655.36
>> >2003 $262.14
>> >2004 $104.86
>> >2005 $41.94
>> >2006 $16.78
>> >2007 $6.71
>> >2008 $2.68
>> >2009 $1.07
>> >2010 $0.43
>> >2011 $0.17
>> >2012 $0.07
>> >2013 $0.03
>> >2014 $0.01
>> >2015 $0.00
>> >
>> >-------
>> >Meta-Notes
>> >-------
>> >
>> >To the people who requested that I post this, thanks for your interest.
>> >
>> >To the people who offered suggestions and information, thanks for your
>> >support.
>> >
>> >Trademarks are the property of their respective holders. No warranty of
>> >any type is expressed or implied.
>> >
>> >Please see the note at the end for cross listing of this posting.
>> >
>> >Please consider using some or all of this posting in your newsletter
>with a
>> >note as to where it came from.
>> >
>> >Please email me your comments.
>> >
>> >If you receive questions on the accuracy or applicability of these
>> >estimates or have questions yourself, please email me.
>> >
>> >These listings, along with Microsoft Word, Excel, and Power Point (400
>> >slides) files will be posted at www.ArchiveBuilders.com after September
>5,
>> >1997 under Course Notes. All of the information for these two one-page
>> >handouts is here, except the formatting information.
>> >
>> >
>> >-------
>> > Course Handout on the Cost of 1 TeraByte of Magnetic Disk Storage over
>the
>> >next 20 years.
>> >-------
>> >
>> >
>> >(This table is best viewed in a 9 point Courier font after being pasted
>> >into a word processor.)
>> >
>> >
>> >20 Year Price List for Cost of 1 TeraByte of Magnetic Disk Storage
>> >
>> >-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > ! ! ! ! !
>> > !Cost to Store!Cost to Store !Cost to Store !Cost to Store ! Cost
>> >Year!2 Thousand !1 Million !1 Thousand !One ! to
>> > !File Cabinets!Pages !Pages !Page ! Store
>> > !(1 TeraByte) !(50 GigaBytes)!(50 MegaBytes)!(50 KiloBytes)!1 TByte
>> > ! ! ! ! !
>> >-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > ! ! ! ! !
>> > !-60% per year! -60% per year! -60% per year! -60% per year!-60%/yr
>> > ! ! ! ! !
>> > ! *1 ! *1 ! *1 ! *1 ! *1
>> >-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > ! ! ! ! !
>> >1994 $1,000,000.00! $50,000.00 !$50.00 ! $0.05 $1,000,000.00
>> >1995 $400,000.00! $20,000.00 !$20.00 ! $0.02 $400,000.00
>> >1996 $160,000.00! $8,000.00 ! $8.00 ! $0.01 $160,000.00
>> >1997 $64,000.00! $3,200.00 ! $3.20 ! $0.003 $64,000.00
>> >1998 $25,600.00! $1,280.00 ! $1.28 ! $0.001 $25,600.00
>> >1999 $10,240.00! $512.00 ! $0.51 ! $0.001 $10,240.00
>> >2000 $4,096.00! $204.80 ! $0.20 ! $0.0002 $4,096.00
>> >2001 $1,638.40! $81.92 ! $0.08 ! $0.0001 $1,638.40
>> >2002 $655.36! $32.77 ! $0.03 ! $0.00003 $655.36
>> >2003 $262.14! $13.11 ! $0.01 ! $0.00001 $262.14
>> >2004 $104.86! $5.24 ! $0.01 ! $0.00001 $104.86
>> >2005 $41.94! $2.10 ! $0.002 ! $0.000002 $41.94
>> >2006 $16.78! $0.84 ! $0.001 ! $0.000001 $16.78
>> >2007 $6.71! $0.34 ! $0.0003 ! $0.0000003 $6.71
>> >2008 $2.68! $0.13 ! $0.0001 ! $0.0000001 $2.68
>> >2009 $1.07! $0.05 ! $0.0001 ! $0.0000001 $1.07
>> >2010 $0.43! $0.02 ! $0.00002 ! $0.00000002 $0.43
>> >2011 $0.17! $0.01 ! $0.00001 ! $0.00000001 $0.17
>> >2012 $0.07! $0.003 ! $0.000003 ! $0.000000003 $0.07
>> >2013 $0.03! $0.001 ! $0.000001 ! $0.000000001 $0.03
>> >2014 $0.01! $0.001 ! $0.000001 ! $0.000000001 $0.01
>> >2015 $0.00! $0.000 ! $0.000000 ! $0.000000000 $0.00
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >*1 The current rate of decline in magnetic disk storage costs is based
>on
>> >prices over the last eight years. IBM's magnetoresistive head
>technology
>> >[that underlies IBM's influence on disk prices], has been increasing the
>> >areal bit density of magnetic disks at a rate of 60 percent per year
>since
>> >1989*. IBM projects that the 60 percent rate will continue for the
>> >foreseeable future*. IBM's laboratory results confirm this rate until
>at
>> >least the year 2000. And, while costs are decreasing, reliability has
>> >increased to a disk drive MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) of 1,000,000
>> >hours.*[*Source: The Era of Magnetoresistive Heads, Ed Grochowski, IBM
>> >Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA., 1994]
>> >
>> >The historic rate of decline in magnetic disk storage cost is based on
>the
>> >5 MegaByte RAMAC disk drive introduced by IBM in June, 1957, at a
>monthly
>> >rental of $3,200.00*(in 1957 dollars), and on 1994 disk prices. The
>> >decline from the 1957 RAMAC cost of $100,000 per MByte (Adjusted to 1994
>> >dollars, and adjusted for IBM's historic desire to rent rather than
>sell),
>> >to the cost of $ 1 per MByte for drives available in 1994, represents a
>> >decline of 27 percent per year for 37 years.[*Source: IBM's Early
>> >Computers, by Charles J. Bashe, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1986.]
>> >
>> >
>> >{The storage MTBF (a component of system availability) of a document
>> >management system can be increased to the level desired through the use
>of
>> >RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) technology. Rev
>22
>> >Archive Builders
>> >
>> >--------
>> >Course Handout on Computer Storage Requirements by Document Type
>> >--------
>> >
>> >[N.B. these estimates will help you size your system. After you have
>> >scanned in from 1 to 10 percent of your documents, you will know quite
>> >precisely how your documents match these estimates and you can apply a
>> >conversion factor. For example, if your images are ten percent smaller
>> >than these estimates, on average, multiply your storage estimates by 90
>> >percent. Because storage costs are a small part of overall conversion
>> >costs, these slight variations are generally not a problem in planning.]
>> >
>> >1 scanned page (8 1/2 by 11 inches) (CCITT G4 compressed) = 50
>KiloBytes
>> >(KByte) (on average)
>> >
>> >1 file cabinet (4 drawer) (10,000 pages on average) = 500 MegaBytes
>(MByte)
>> >= 1 CD ROM
>> >
>> >2 file cabinets = 1,000 MBytes = 1 GigaByte (GByte); 10 file cabinets =
>1
>> >DVD (see below)
>> >
>> >2,000 file cabinets = 1,000 GBytes = 1 TeraByte (TByte); 2,000 file
>> >cabinets = 200 DVDs
>> >
>> >1 banker's box (2,500 pages) = 1 file drawer = 2 linear feet of files =
>125
>> >MBytes
>> >
>> >8 banker's boxes = 16 linear feet = 1 GByte; 8,000 boxes = 16,000
>linear
>> >feet = 1 TByte
>> >
>> >1 roll of 16 mm microfilm (100 ft) = 2,500 letter size images = 1
>banker's
>> >box = 125 MBytes
>> >
>> >1 roll of 35 mm microfilm (100 ft) = 5,000 letter size images (or letter
>> >size image equivalents) = 250 MBytes
>> >
>> >1 microfiche (average) = 100 letter size images; 200 fiche = 20,000
>images
>> >= 1 GByte
>> >
>> >[N.B. In many record series, microfiche contain only a few images
>because
>> >each fiche represents a single record in the series. In this case
>filming
>> >breaks on record boundaries, rather than being continuous. To a lesser
>> >extent this is also true for roll film. In these cases, the amount of
>> >storage required depends on the number of images on the film, not the
>> >number of microfiche or the number of rolls of film.]
>> >
>> >Scanned aperture card images require the same storage as the document or
>> >drawing in the aperture would require at its physical, one-to-one,
>> >full-size, un-microphotographed size.
>> >
>> >1 E size drawing (48 inches by 36 inches) = 16 letter size pages (8 1/2
>by
>> >11 inches);
>> >
>> >[D size = 8 pages; C size = 4 pages; B size = 2 pages; A size = 1 page
>> >//old E size 48 x 36 in., new E size 44 x 34 in. (A0 size is the ISO
>> >European size equivalent nomenclature for E size), D size (A1) 34 x 22,
>C
>> >size (A2) 22 x 17, B size (A3) 11 x 17, A size (A4) 8½ x 11 // F size 28
>x
>> >40, Roll sizes: G size 11 x 22 ½ to 11 x 90, H size 28 x 44 to 28 x 143,
>J
>> >size 34 x 56 to 34 by 176, K size 40 x 56 to 40 x 143 in. // For
>> >newspapers, a double truck (center fold) full broadsheet is 24 x 36
>inches,
>> >equivalent to an old D size drawing.]
>> >
>> >1 hour compressed color video = 2 GBytes (DVD, MPEG 2) (image quality
>> >dependent)
>> >
>> >1 hour audio = 10 MBytes (dictation, answering machine) to 500 MBytes (a
>CD
>> >holds 74 minutes of music)
>> >
>> >1 color picture = 10 KBytes (thumbnail) to 5 MBytes (for each of 100
>photos
>> >on a 500 MByte photo CD)
>> >
>> >[N.B. The size of the compressed file for a scanned photograph depends
>on
>> >the resolution (DPI: Dots Per Inch) and the detail (information) in the
>> >photograph. The detail in a photograph is dependent on the size of the
>> >negative and the quality of the film and the camera and lens (It is not
>> >related to the print size unless the print is smaller than the
>negative).
>> >The resolution of the scan should be chosen to match the detail of the
>> >photograph. For most cameras, films, and formats 35 mm and smaller, the
>5
>> >MByte Photo CD format (3,072 by 2,048 pixels) captures all the
>information
>> >in the image. N.B. this is in dots per image rather than dots per
>inch.]
>> >
>> >1 Chest X-ray = 1 MegaByte (14 x 17 inches), 150 DPI (Dots Per Inch), 12
>> >bits (compressed)
>> >
>> >[(12 bits per pixel, provides 4,096 shades of grey) (wavlet compression,
>> >lossless mode, has FDA 510(k) approval) / (150 DPI, 12 bit images
>> >recommended by American College of Radiology for primary reads) / 14 x
>17
>> >Chest X-ray =200 KiloBytes (for secondary reads: wavlet compression,
>lossy
>> >mode, has FDA 510(k) approval)]
>> >
>> >1 Byte (B)(common usage) = 8 bits (b) = 1 character; 1 Unicode Byte =
>16
>> >bits = 1 character
>> >
>> >[1,000 Bytes =~ (~ about) 1 KiloByte; 1,000 KBytes =~ 1 MegaByte; 1,000
>> >MBytes =~ 1 GigaByte; 1,000 GBytes =~ 1 TeraByte; 1,000 TBytes =~ 1
>> >PetaByte; 1,000 PBytes =~ 1 ExaByte]
>> >
>> >Modem = 33 Kbit per second = 2 pages per minute (~$30.00 per month for a
>> >standard phone line)
>> >
>> >ISDN (1 voice channel) = 56 Kbit per second = 5 pages per minute
>(~$50.00
>> >per month)(ISDN charge)
>> >
>> >T1 (24 voice channels) = 1.544 Mbit per second = 3 pages per second
>> >(~$1,000.00 per month)
>> >
>> >Ethernet (CSMA/CD) = 1 Mbit per second (effective) or 10 Mbit per second
>> >(nominal) = 2 pages per second
>> >
>> >OC3 ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) = 155 Mbit per second = 300 pages
>per
>> >second
>> >
>> >OC192 (SONET optical fiber) = 10 Gbit per second = 20,000 pages (2 file
>> >cabinets) per second
>> >
>> >Optical carrier frequency = 400 THz (40,000 cycles used for every OC192
>bit
>> >transmitted)
>> >
>> >[N.B. Spelling out Byte and bit whenever used considerably reduces
>> >confusion as files stored as Bytes are transmitted as bits.]
>> >
>> >1 DVD (Digital Video Disk) (same physical size as a CD ROM) = 7.4 GByte
>> >(WORM)
>> >
>> >[(WORM: Write Once, Read Many) (2 sided, 1 layer per side); = 5.2 GByte
>RAM
>> >or RW (overwrite, rewrite) (2 sided, 1 layer per side); = 17 GBytes
>(ROM)
>> >(2 sided, 2 layers per side). Multimedia: 5 channel (theater quality
>> >surround sound)(5.1, Dolby AC-3) / 96 KHz / 24 bit audio, 8 languages ,
>32
>> >subtitles, and about 135 minutes (long enough to accommodate 94% of all
>> >movies) of high quality (720 horizontal lines) video on each of 4
>layers.
>> >The file format is ISO 13346 UDF (Universal Disk Format) which
>harmonizes
>> >all CD recording standards including ISO 9660. Available in 1996. A
>> >future technology, 3rd generation blue lasers [sort of a blue light
>> >special], should yield a 40 GByte ROM for HDTV.]
>> >
>> >1 pulp tree (loblolly pine) = 1/10th cord of wood = 10,000 pages = 1
>File
>> >Cabinet = 4 banker's boxes = 1/2 GByte
>> >
>> >[1 lumber tree (20 inch diameter, 110 ft tall, 50 years old) = 1 cord,
>10
>> >pulp tree (8 in. dia., 50 ft tall, 20 yrs old) = 1 cord, 1 cord = 4 x 4
>x 8
>> >ft = 128 cubic ft (75 cubic feet of wood)]
>> >
>> >1 wordprocessor or OCR'ed (Optical Character Recognition) page = 5
>KBytes
>> >(all pages listed above are scanned pages)
>> >
>> >1 compressed page of COLD (Computer Output to Laser Disk) or COOL
>(Computer
>> >Output On-Line) = 1 KBytes
>> >
>> >Minimum commercial scanning cost for backfile conversion (more than 1
>> >million pages) ~ 5 cents per page
>> >
>> >
>> >Search by:
>> >
>> >Database entry/Unique identifier
>> >Full text/Fuzzy search
>> >Nested folders/Aliased folders
>> >Concept/Thesaurus search
>> >Document structure (SGML)
>> >Hyperlink traversal/annotation
>> >Email{ed}link/Workflow link
>> >Card catalog/Finding aid
>> >Sequential search/Date scanned
>> >Log of reading history/Date entered
>> >Bibliography/Citation counts
>> >ActiveX (Object Link) link
>> >Spatial /Temporal coordinates (GIS)
>> >Internet agents/Popularity chart
>> >Time Code (SMPTE)/GPS orientation
>> >Image Matching / Image Analysis
>> >Thumb Print / Physiological ID
>> >Combination of any or all of the above
>> >
>> >
>> >The raster image is the image of record: (OCR'ed/vectorized images
>> >constitute re-authoring/re-engineering)
>> >Rev 30
>> >
>> >http://www.ArchiveBuilders.com mailto:SteveGilheany@ArchiveBuilders.com 1147
>> >Manhattan Avenue, Suite 322, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Tel: (310)
>937-7000
>> >Fax: (310) 937-7001
>> >
>> >-----
>> >Course Description
>> >-----
>> >
>> >The above are two of the one-page handouts for the following course:
>> >
>> >UCLA Extension will present a three day class on Document Imaging and
>> >Document Management in Downtown Los Angeles at the World Trade Center,
>next
>> >to the Westin Bonaventure Hotel (800) 228-3000 (213) 624-1000 [Many
>other
>> >motels and hotels are available.] The dates are September 25, 26, and
>27,
>> >Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. To
>> >accommodate fly-in students, the class meets from 1 PM to 9 PM on
>Thursday
>> >and Friday, and from 9 AM to 5:00 PM on Saturday. The fee is $375.00.
>> >This course is for managers who have been assigned to specify, install
>or
>> >manage a document imaging system. Students will learn about the
>technology
>> >of scanning, importing, transmitting, storing, protecting, locating,
>> >retrieving, viewing, and printing documents.. Image and document
>formats,
>> >multimedia, rich text, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), CAD
>(Computer
>> >Aided Design), and image enabled databases will be discussed. The
>course
>> >also covers the integration of the DVD, DirecTV, DirecPC, Cable,
>Telephony,
>> >the Internet and PC. UCLA Extension registration is (310) 825-9971.
>Ask
>> >for course X 814.14, registration number B4004. For information, please
>> >contact the instructor, at mailto:SteveGilheany@ArchiveBuilders.com. (310)
>> >937-7000. Instructor: Steve Gilheany, BA CS, MBA, MLS Specialization in
>> >Information Science, CDIA (Certified Document Imaging System Architect),
>> >Sr. Systems Engineer, Archive Builders.
>> >
>> >The following is offered to reduce duplication: This posting has been
>cross
>> >listed on the following lists: ALA-LITA-L, Archives, DigLib, DigLib-ns,
>> >DPRA, ERECS-L, HIM-L, ImageLib, PACS-L, RecMgmt, and SLA-DITA. If you
>can
>> >suggest other lists that might have readers that are interested in the
>> >topic, please let me know and I will subscribe to those lists and post
>this
>> >message to those lists. If you can post it more easily than I can,
>please
>> >let me know and I will ask one person to post it to each list
>> >
>> >Steve Gilheany
>> >Tel: (310) 937-4757 Fax: (310) 937-4758
>> >mailto:SteveGilheany@worldnet.att.net