The Nepal Digest - October 16, 1995 (3 Kartik 2052 BkSm)

From: The Editor (nepal-request@cs.niu.edu)
Date: Mon Oct 16 1995 - 09:52:17 CDT

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Date: Mon, 16 Oct 1995 09:52:17 -0500
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The Nepal Digest Monday 16 October 95: Kartik 3 2052 BS Volume 43 Issue 3

******************************************************************************
* TND Board of Staff *
* ------------------ *
* Editor/Co-ordinator: Rajpal J. Singh a10rjs1@mp.cs.niu.edu *
* TND Archives: Sohan Panta k945184@atlas.kingston.ac.uk *
* SCN Correspondent: Rajesh B. Shrestha rshresth@black.clarku.edu *
* *
* +++++ Food For Thought +++++ *
* *
* "If you don't stand up for something, you will fall for anything" -Dr. MLK *
* "Democracy perishes among the silent crowd" - Sirdar Khalifa *
* *
******************************************************************************

********************************************************************** Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 13:15:27 -0400 (EDT) From: Nirmal Ghimirez <NGH42799Q236@DAFFY.MILLERSV.EDU> To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Wrong assumption

This is in response to Mr.Manjeel Thapa's cooment on St.Xavier's. 0 St.Xavier's has no role in influencing the students towards Christanity. If it had been such it would not have existed so long and would not be such a popular and good school. Common man make a valid and logical argument. The school is run by the Jesuit society. So, the holy cross is a symbol for them. For the good will and for good symbol they have that hung in all classrooms. What's wrong with that? Don't we too have some posters of GOd in our room.It was just a symbol and for good, they did not have anyother meaning behind it. They came to spread education and not religion. They renounced for the sake of Jesues but not to spread Chriatanity. Did they ever object to other religions? Did they ever force you to go to church or did they even make you read Bible. As far as my experience goes it is a strong NO. They respected other religions as well. It is sad and utterly a very sad to hear such remarks from an ex-xavarian. I am not saying you should not tell the truth but don't make up truths as this and relate St.Xavier's to Christanity.

Now you may even object to stories told in juniour classes . Ofcourse some were from Bible. But it was moral and good stories to teach lessons.

Think again before you make such arguments. For it is an sentimental and touching issue. Why would the "Fathers(s.j.)" come to Nepal and open a good school if their purpose was to spred Christanity.They could have opened a christan center instead of school. Being a Christan they were doing a true job of helping others.But they never put their religion as a must for others. I think St.Xaviers has done a noble task. It lets you know about Christanity and christan culture without converting you. The problem lies when one is blindfolded in one path and cannot see the other path. It is good to be strong in one faith but we must respect others faith as well. I do not want to write more than this but I could not stop responding to such comments. I want no one to misunderstand that St.Xavier's is related with spreading Christanity. It is only linked with giving quality education in the valley.

**************************************************************** Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:14:43 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Nepali Literature Home Page has moved!! From: Purushottam Subedi <psubedi@osf1.gmu.edu>

The New URL is: http://www.inpros.com/nepal/

I have added several poems and stories to the home page and will be adding Nepali songs (sound) and may be text also when I have time.

-Puru psubedi@osf1.gmu.edu

****************************************************************** From: rshresth@husc.harvard.edu (Rajesh Shrestha) Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:17:11 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Newar Scholar to speak at Cornell.. Oct 22

Cross-posted from SCN:
---------------------

Agreed it is legitimate to distinguish the subject matter of any scholar's specialization. I don't think anybody is trying to make a knee-jerk rejection of other voices. Personally, I want newar culture to be preserved. Maybe yes Maybe the government didn't give adequate attention to the cultural aspirations of the Newari people in the past. Well, whose cultural aspirations did the government give attention to? Were the bahuns favored over any other ethnic group? Because of the language the bahuns could have the competitive advantage. However, I am a bahun. What fault do I have for the cultural problems right now. I studied in Kathmandu. My best friends are newar. Hey, I didn't become best friends with them by "hegemonic embraceof Nepali Hindubad"..To tell you the truth, most of the people I know don't even care to distinguish between hindus and buddhists. I have been to Newar bhojs so many times. I don't care. And I doubt if any bahun/chhetri in this net will treat newar any differently than he/she would treat bahun/chhetri. In fact, newars themselves say they are hindus and buddhists( most of them). Personally, I don't have anything against newars being proud oftheir culture. I would be. Actually I am. However, it hurts when some of my newar friends suddenly start talking in newari in midst of a group discussion. It would be different if they couldn't express in nepali. Sometimes, I think, the newars try to give a message "you are not one of us".

The bottom line of this whole argument is: what kind of effort Amulyaji wants from us to feel that Nepali Hindubad is not opressing the poor newars. I am perfectly willing to make such effort. However, if we want to have good society where newars and bahuns/chettris can be proud of what they are, everybody needs to work with each other not against each other.

Sincerely, Prakash Bhandari

***************************************************************** Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:18:03 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: ANA Newsletter available On-Line!!! From: Purushottam Subedi <psubedi@osf1.gmu.edu>

The Association of Nepalis in the Americas's Newsletter (Year 13, Issue 3) is available On-Line through the Nepali Literature Home Page.

The URL is: http://www.inpros.com/nepal/
(Note: this is a new URL for Nepali Literature Home Page. Please update your links and bookmarks)

Watch for other ANA announcements on this home page.

-Puru psubedi@osf1.gmu.edu

****************************************************************** Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:21:02 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: NEPAL CONCERN From: KISHOR GHIMIRE / HEATHER STONE <naresh@scisun.sci.ccny.cuny.edu>

FOR THOSE WHO HAVE THEIR CONCERN FOR NEPAL (THE HIMALAYAN KINGDOM).

HELLO!!!

I AM KISHOR GHIMIRE, A PERMANENT RESIDENT OF : KHA 2-749, KATHMANDU-1, BANESHWAR HEIGHT, NEPAL. TELEPHONE NO.: 977-1-473283

PRESENTLY, I AM VISITING U.S.A. WITH AN OBJECTIVE TO ESTABLISH AN ORGANIZATION "NEPAL CONCERN (U.S.A.)" WITH ITS MOST FRIENDLY ORGANIZATION
"NEPAL CONERN INTERNATIONAL " IN KATHMANDU, NEPAL.

THE PROPOSAL:

TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION, THE CONCERN OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY FOR THE AWARENESS DEVELOPMENT OF NEPALESE SOCIETY AND TO ENHANCE THE DEVELPMENT PROCESS UNDERGOING IN NEPAL, AN ORGANIZATION

"NEPAL CONCERN (U.S.A)" SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED.

OBJECTIVES TO BE ACHIEVED:

THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THIS ORGANIZATION WILL BE TO MANIFEST AND RESTORE THE POSITIVE CONCERNS OF WORLD CITIZENS WHO ARE CONCERNED ABOUT NEPAL AND MOTIVATE THE INTELLECUTAL WORLD COMMUNITY TOWARDS THESE CONCERNS.

FOR FURTHER DISCUSSSION REGARDING SUBJECT MATTERS, CHARTER, ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION AND TO DECIDE OVER THE DATE OF FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF FREE INDIVIDUALS (PLEASE SUGGEST SOME DATES), WRITE TO:

MR.KISHOR GHIMIRE / MISS. HEATHER STONE c/o 47-22-48 STREET MR.KISHOR GHIMIRE
    APT-3R or write to naresh@scisun.ccny.cuny.edu
    NEW YORK 11377
    U.S.A.
    TELEPHONE NO.: (718) 786-8460

INQUIRIES WITH A FULL COVER POSTAGE STAMP AND RETURN ADDRESS PRINTED ON THE ENVELOPE WILL ONLY BE ENTERTAINED. KISHOR GHIMIRE FORMER PRESIDENT FREE STUDENT UNION TRI-CHANDRA CAMPUS KATHMANDU.

******************************************************************* Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:22:45 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Newa De Dabu: National-level Newa Organization From: atuladhar@gramps.clarku.edu

THE NEWA NATIONAL STAGE

This is the background to the establishment of the "Newa De Dabu", compiled from an article entitled "The First Newa National Conference" by Suresh, published in the Bishwa Bhumi Nepal Bhasa daily paper on September 1st 1995, the first day of the conference.

This conference is the fist time in the history of Nepal that Newas from home and abroad have gathered to discuss issues of importance to them as a group. This article is prepared from several scholars' concerns, their suggested solutions, and other aspects of the conference.

Today, another victory over Everest is not an important news. Unless a climber goes barefoot it is a normal event. However, when Tensing Sherpa reached the summit in 1953 it was significant, even though he did not know it at the time. The National Newa Conference which commences today is like beginning the first climb of Everest. We have to develop it just like the Sherpa's victory for the sake of our future. The conference itself is a historic and significant event for the Newas, though just how important will depend on the outcome.

It is natural for people to ask what will happen after the conference, even to ask why the conference is taking place.

Dr Kamal Prakash Malla said that a well-formed organization is the most influential power in a democracy. It is useless to work without the strength of an organization. This conference is to establish a national level organization of Newa Jati (group) and not just in the realm of language.

He went on explaining, once we went to the prime minister, Man Mohan Adhikari, to petition him with our concerns about the Newa language, Jati, and several other issues. Unfortunately, there was no one to follow up these suggestions, so finally they failed. They were ineffectual because they did not have an organization to back them up. This conference reflects the desperation of the Newas to be heard -- in effect, their desperation for an organization to give them a voice.

Newas are scattered all over Nepal, and also abroad. The language which ties them together is slowly declining. Therefore, it is necessary to bring them together and join them in a new form. The Newas lack an organization to do that.

When Mr. Padma Ratna Tuladhar, the president of Nepal Bhasa Manka Khala was asked about how this organization be bound together. He answered that nowadays the interactions and interrelations among the Newas, who are scattered all over the country, have been restrained. We even do not know what we should do about our public heritage. For example, it is said that they have broadcast news in Sanskrit but we do not know what should we do about it. In Kathmandu there have been some protests but the Newas and Newa groups from outside the valley did not give any reaction to it. Now, if we have a national level organisation we can at least send a circular about such cases all over the country and get reaction. The collective reaction from all over the country certainly will be more influential.

This situation illustrates why it is necessary to have an organization of Newas. Newas outside Kathmandu did not know how to react to the Sanskrit case, indicating that those outside the valley did not raise the issue publicly. We do not appear to know our rights to equal status in language.
An organization might be able to disseminate this knowledge to the public. For these reasons, the conference will try to establish such an organization.

However, Dhuswan Sayami, a novelist, seems doubtful. This does not mean he has a negative view about the conference. He said: "We are asking what is the advantage of this conference. The ability to organise such a conference is itself is a big advantage." He also warned: "It does not mean that our aims will success just with the conference itself. Most Newas have the bad habit that they don't consider themselves Newa unless it is necessary for them to do so. They do not want to develop a Newaness feeling. He is a Newa when he speaks on a stage but he is not when he descends from that stage. The Newas are very good in criticising others' mistakes but they never know how to confess their own mistakes. If we are going to wipe out these characteristics then this conference certainly be a great advantage."

This is absolutely true. If the Newa national organisation is going to uplift the level of the Newas' consciousness then at least it should be lifted to the level that Dhuswan Sayami expressed. Otherwise the consciousness should be something which could engrave the Newas' hearts with the Newaness feeling. Now it comes to a query -- why we Newas want to be Newa? When a Newa begins to think about his Newaness, wouldn't his idea be a communal (Sampradayik)? Moreover, there is a group of people who blame the Newas and Nepal's ethnic groups as belong to communal (Sampradayik) ideology.

Keeping in mind the answer of Mr Bhakti Das Shrestha, the president of this conference organiser which gave to the question what is the spirit of this conference?, there is no place to comment on the communal (Sampradayik) ideology at all. He said, 'keeping humanist in mind the Newas predecessors have been developed arts, culture, customs, temples, buildings, languages, alphabets etc. from generation to generation. This conference is aiming the way those Newas' material and cultural heritage can be disseminated and be of use not only to Newas but to all Nepalese and even more widely be enjoyed by the whole world. May the consciousness of Newaness be developed among the Newas as their first and last quality. As Newa, we have the Newa values within us, so may such values be enjoyed by the others. It is with such a compassionate mind that we organise this conference.

Shrestha's declaration shows that the development of the Newa is the development of Nepal itself. The Newas clearly recognise Nepal's peculiarity in being the multi lingual, Jati (group/ethnic groups) and religious kingdom. The Newas equally wish to see the survival of all other existing Jatis in Nepal. As long as such recognition is alive in the Newas mind and there is not any group who try to wipe out such broad ideology within the Newas, this will never be a communal (Sampradayik). The Newas never claim that they have to live alone in Nepal but they welcome others to share their existing heritage. If these broad-minded Newas are a communal (Sampradayik) what about the people who advocate the policy of
'one language one policy' in the country of many languages and Jatis?

In our history there are several attempts to obliterate the Newas who endeavour for the sake of Nepal and the Nepalese. The Newas have struggled through it with their own style. However, this obliteration of the Newas do not stop, and has greatly affected on the Newas' language, alphabet, art and architecture, commerce, industry, and culture. Now it is worse than ever, and it is time for us to think about Newas' very existence. There appears to be no future for the Newas. This conference is the historical effort to find and define a future.

This two days conference, which was attended by Newas from all over the country and even from Bhutan, succeeded in establishing a nation-wide Newa organisation which is named "Newa De Dabu," meaning "Newar's National Stage". There are 45 members in the central committee and 12 members in the executive committee. The conference was participated by the representatives of 38 districts and several local Newa organizations. It is hoped that in near future this campaign will disseminate to all 75 districts of Nepal.

The following are in the executive members: 1) Mr Bhakti Das Shrestha--President 2) Mr Laxmi Bahadur Haluwai --Vice-president and representative of the Eastern Region 3) Mrs Satya Bhama Mathema--Vice-resident and representative of the Central Region 4) Mr Prakash Man Palikhe --Vice-president and representative of the Western Region 5) Mr Madan Bhakta Shrestha --Vice-president and representative of the Mid-Western Region 6) Mr Prayag Raj Joshi --Vice-president and representative of the Far-Western Region 7) Dr. Keshab Man Shakya --General Secretary 8) Mr Naresh Bir Shakya --Secretary 9) Mr Laxmidhar Manandhar
--Treasurer 10) Dr. Kamal Prakash Malla --Member 11) Mr Satya Mohan Joshi
--Member and 12) Mr Laxman Rajbansi --Member. Mr Padma Ratna Tuladhar is appointed as the representative of Bagmati province.

To summarize, it is wonderful news for all Newas that this great effort by Newas from all over the country has succeeded in organizing such a historical meeting and was able to establish an organisation of and for the Newa. The future of the Newas depend on how this organization is going to work, and especially on its political neutrality.

Compiled and summarized by Anil M. Sakya (Bhikkhu Sugandha), Brunel University, London, UK.

******************************************************** From: rshresth@husc.harvard.edu (Rajesh Shrestha) Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:25:02 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Cost of Arun III

Cross-posted from SCN:
---------------------

Recently, Namche hydro electric project was opened as per 10th October issue of Kathmandu Post.

The total cost of the project, if Kathmandu Post is correct,

137,660,000 Nepalese Rupees

In terms of US dollars (say in today's exchange rate to be conservative),

2,525,871

The output is 600 kW

Therefore per unit cost for small hydro project (in this case)

                 $ 4200/kilo Watts. (If the currency exchange rate of
                        the planning period is taken this figure would be
                                much larger)

Is this true? Something looks wrong to me.

        If yes, does not it mean that the cost of Arun was cheaper
        than this one? The estimated cost of Arun is 767 million US $.
        The initial capacity is 201 MW. However, the tunnel is expected to
        used for generating another 201 MW. That means the cost of
        installation would decrease substantially, when additional 201 MW
        is added. This figure for the first phase brings out to be $ 3885/
        kW, when a simple calculation is done. Is it therefore economically
        attractive to Small hydro project? Namche could be an extreme
        example, but is there any guarantee that such cost figures would not
        repeat or increase in the future installations? ASTU.

************************************************************* Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 17:26:12 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Prakash Man to be the Newar,Ktmdu, Ganesh Man Token Minister From: atuladhar@jack.clarku.edu

Prakash man, the son of GAnesh Man singh, a president of the Kathmandu district Nepal Congress party, and a Newar is currently being floated as a possible Minister in the Deoba cabinet to kill 3 birds with one stone:

1. Assuage the newar community by having a token "newar" in the cabinet,

2. Assuage the kathmandu community by having a token kathmanduite in the Cabinet,

3. Assuage and pre-empt Ganesh Man's lenonine accusation of Bahunvad that began the destruction of the the girija's cabinet by having his son.

It seems to be too good a move to be true, but the Kathmandu P{ost editorial condemns this a political suicide for Prakash Man singh. Let us wait and see what happens

amulya

**************************************************** Date: Tue, 10 Oct 1995 16:15:03 -0700 (PDT) From: Babu Nepali <nepalib@ucs.orst.edu> To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Nepalese government

I am a student at Oregon State University. I have to make a presentation on the modern Nepalese Government system; how it is constituted and how it functions. If any one is familiar with this subject, I would be gratefulto you for any information on this topic.

Thanks Babu (nepalib@ucs.orst.edu)

********************************************************** Date: Wed, 11 Oct 1995 0:54:34 -0500 (CDT) From: PANDEYD@platte.unk.edu To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Please Help!!!!!!!!

  Dear Editor,

  I am a student here at the University Of Nebraska/Kearney. I have been your
  regular reader for the past 1 year. All your management's effort and the
  commitment in bringing this newsletter door to door is beyond appreciation.
  We all owe your team a big credit.

  I am writing this letter to you asking for your help. I think this is something
  that all of us need to be aware of and action to be taken immediately. My
  friend, Jo Anne Shwayder, who is currently a graduate student at University Of
  Hawaii, is planning to do a research about Nepal. She is doing a study about
  the difference between the American System Of Teaching Versus The Nepalese
  System Of Teaching. She wants to communicate her personal experience combined
  with knowledge to the concerned Americans and let them know the reality.
  Personally, I think this is awfully hard but she is really devoted and into
  it. But recently the budget crisis has posed a depressing and scary
  environment to those enthusiasts like Jo Anne. The government cut the budget
  funding for such kind of research activities and that seems really unjustice
  to them. To protest this matter, they have set up an action committee and they
  are writing to congressmen to try to convince them not to cut the Center's
  funding. She sent me a copy of the letter and asked me to spread the word
  around. I hope you don't mind writing a letter yourself and spreading the word
  around through Nepal Digest and other sources.

  I am sending you a copy of their letter and please take some time to browse
  through it. If you have any questions/comments, please write me back. Anyone
  who wants to share his/her ideas or suggestions, please write to Jo Annee
  Shwayder at "SHWAYDER@HAWAII.EDU".

  I am looking forward to hearing from you at the earliest of your convenience.

  Thanks.
  Devendra Pandey(PandeyD@platte.unk.edu)
  University Of Nebraska/Kearney.

%%%%%Editor's Note: TND Foundation would be glad to help in any way. %%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Date: Wed, 11 Oct 1995 0:57:42 -0500 (CDT) From: PANDEYD@platte.unk.edu To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Please spread this letter. Help!!!!!

Date: Thu, 5 Oct 1995 15:48:53 -1000 From: Jo Anne Shwayder <shwayder@hawaii.edu> To: pandeyd@platte.unk.edu Subject: New letter save the EWC (fwd)

This is another urgent call to action. Thanks to all of you who did=20 write letters the last time. Daily we learn more about the reality of=20 the budget chrisis at the EWC. To contribute our share in the fight for=
=20 secure funding we have drafted another letter we urge you to look at and=20 send off. This time we ask you to please write to the Appropriations=20 Sub-Committee. Why?

Here is why:

1) As you all may know, the Appropriations Committee of the House of=20 Representatives has allocated $0 for the EWC.

2) In the Senate's Appropriation Committee an amendment for $18 million=20 has been included in the Senate's proposed budget.

3) Members of the Senate and the House will now meet in the Conference=20 Committee to decide about a final budget.

4) This budget will then be submitted to President Clinton.

Why is your letter important?

1) We think the Conference Committee will most likely include members=20 from the House and Senate's Sub Committees (Commerce, Justice, State and=20 Judiciary).

2) Many people on the Conference Committee may have no idea what the EWC=20 is, so we would like to let them know.

3) The more people who know about the EWC, the better the chances are=20 that the amendment for $18 million may not be cut again in the=20 negotiations to an even lower number.

4) Timing is crucial, because the Conference Committee could meet any=20 time between Oct. 10-18. =20

5) At this time we think the more Representatives get about a single=20 issue the better, regardless if you are their constituent or not. And=20 if you have friends or relatives in their districts ask them to write as=20 well (especially Kentucky). The more letters the better!!! (As I write=
=20 this Alumni services is contacting Alumni all over the US to do the=20 same).=20

What can you do:

Take the sample letter, change it as much or little as you like and send=20 it off to everybody you see fit on the list provided below.

Please e-mail it to all 10 representatives having e-mail addresses.

If you want to send it to Congresspersons who don't have an e-mail=20 address as well, please do so ON YOUR OWN. This time we do not have=20 money or stamps available to do this for you (sorry missed the chance=20 last time). =20

If you have any other ideas, or want to collect signatures to do a mass=20 mailing as well, feel free to organize it. =20

Thank you for your attention.=20

For this info on a disk contact Kirk 6109 for IBM or Markus 7845 for=20 Mac. Please provide us with a disk if possible. =20

--------------------------------------------------------------

SAMPLE LETTER FOR MEMBERS THE HOUSE AND THE SENATE'S CONFERENCE COMMITTEE

XXXXX Washington, D.C. 20510

Date

Dear Representative:

Suggestion: AS A FELLOW AT THE EAST-WEST CENTER I . OR: As a voter from =
=20 XXXXX, I am writing to urge your support for continued funding to The=20 East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawai'i in the upcoming Conference=20 Committee deliberations in early October. (YOU CAN ALSO USE ANOTHER=20 ANGLE THAT SHOWS YOUR INVOLVEMENT IN THE EAST WEST CENTER). Founded by a=
=20 bipartisan government in 1960, the east West Center has an excellent=20 history of promoting good relations between the U.S. and the countries of=
=20 Asia and the Pacific. The capacities, location, and mission of the=20 East-West Center make it unique -- both in the U.S. and in the world:

As a hub for international dialogue, applied research, and coordination,=20 the Center brings together large numbers of American, Asian, and Pacific=20 leaders. Over 42,000 people have participated in East-West Center=20 conference, research, exchange, and consulting programs.

Many of the region's present and future leaders participate at the=20 East-West Center. Asian and Pacific alum often return home to positions=20 of great responsibility and influence: as presidents, prime ministers,=20 ambassadors, scholars, scientists, and CEOs. American alum leave with=20 training to meet the increasing demand in U.S. corporate and political=20 institutions for those knowledgeable of, and highly competent in,=20 Asian/Pacific settings.

No other institution in existence today is able to assume the role of the=
=20 East-West Center due to its long-won credibility and respect in the=20 region. Expecting another institution to duplicate such tremendous formal=
=20 as well as citizen diplomacy would require another 35 year investment. =20 Considering the vital and dynamic nature of the region, its role will be=20 invaluable for American interests in the years to come.

Most recently, the Senate showed its support of the East-West Center with=
=20 an amendment allocating $18 million for the 1996 fiscal year. However,=20 the legislation passed by the House (proposed in Bill #70908, HR1561),=20 would cut Center funding from $24.5 million to $0 overnight. While the=20 East-West Center is sympathetic to budget constraints, an immediate=20 cut-off gives the Center no time to seek out additional private and=20 foreign funding. Such a move would cripple the Center and essentially=20 waste 35 years of investment by the U.S. government. Therefore, to call=20 for a gradual decrease in funding over five years would be more=20 appropriate, as the Senate's suggestion already is an 26.5% reduction for=
=20 1996. In order to forward the interests of the U.S. and the region, I=20 urge you to support the maximum possible funding for the East-West Center=
=20 during Conference Committee deliberations.

Thank you in advance for your consideration and I'm looking forward to=20 your reply.

Most sincerely,

NAME

DON'T FORGET TO INCLUDE YOUR ADDRESS HERE. THE ADDRESS IN HAWAII AND THE=
=20 RESIDENCE/DISTRICT (IF AVAILABLE) WHERE YOU HAD BEEN VOTING FOR=20 THEM!!!!!! THIS IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IF YOU SEND IT BY E-MAIL. =20

End of letter

---------------------------------------------------------------------------= SENATE AND HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS SUB-COMMITTEE: COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE=20 AND JUDICIARY

Alaska

The Honorable Ted Stevens (R) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate SH-522 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-0201 Telephone: (202) 224-3004 Fax: (202) 224-2354=20

Arizona

The Honorable Jim Kolbe (R) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 205 Cannon House Washington, DC 20515-0305 Phone: (202) 225-2542 FAX: (202) 225-0378 E-Mail: jimkolbe@hr.house.gov

Arkansas

The Honorable Dale Bumpers (D) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary=20 U. S. Senate=20 SD-229 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-0401 Telephone: (202) 224-4843 Fax: (202) 224-6435 E-Mail: Senator@bumpers.senate.gov

California

The Honorable Julian C. Dixon (D) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 2252 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20515-0532 Phone: (202) 225-7084 FAX: (202) 225-4091

Colorado

The Honorable David E. Skaggs (D) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 1124 Longworth House Washington, DC 20515-0602 Phone: (202) 225-2161 FAX: (202) 225-9127 E-Mail: skaggs@hr.house.gov

Hawaii PLEASE DO NOT WRITE TO SENATOR INOUYE. HE IS INVOLVED ALREADY AND IT=20 WOULD JUST MEAN more work TO ANSWER TO LETTERS ABOUT AN ISSUE THAT he is=20 involved already.

The Honorable Daniel K. Inouye (D) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SH-722 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-1102 Telephone: (202) 224-3934

Kentucky

The Honorable Mitch McConnell (R) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SR-361A Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-1702 Telephone: (202) 224-2541 Fax: (202) 224-2499

The Honorable Harold Rogers (R) Chairman, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State=20 and Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 2468 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20515-1705 Phone: (202) 225-4601 FAX: (202) 225-0940

Louisiana

The Honorable Robert L. Livingston (R) Chairman, House Appropriations Committee U.S. House of Representatives 2406 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20151-1801 Phone: (202) 225-3015 FAX: (202) 225-0739

Nebraska

The Honorable J. Robert Kerrey (D) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SH-303 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-2704 Telephone: (202) 224-6551 Fax: (202) 224-7645 E-Mail: bob@kerrey.senate.gov

New Hampshire

The Honorable Judd Gregg =AE Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SR-393 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-2904 Telephone: (202) 224-3324 Fax: (202) 224-4952 E-Mail: mailbox@gregg.senate.gov

New Jersey

The Honorable Frank R. Lautenberg (D) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SH-506 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-3002 Telephone: (202) 224-4744 Fax: (202) 224-9707

New Mexico

The Honorable Pete V. Domenici (R) Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SH-328 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-3101 Telephone: (202) 224-6621 E-Mail: senator_domenici@domenici.senate.gov

New York

The Honorable Michael P. Forbes (R) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 02 Cannon House Washington, DC 20515-3201 Phone: (202) 225-3826 FAX: (202) 225-3143 E-mail: mpforbes@ht.house.gov

North Carolina

The Honorable Charles H. Taylor (R) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 231 Cannon House Washington, DC 20151-3311 Phone: (202) 225-6401 FAX: (202) 251-0794 E-Mail: chtaylor@hr.house.gov

Ohio

The Honorable Ralph Regula (R) Member, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 2309 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20515-3516 Phone: (202) 225-3876 FAX: (202) 225-3059

Oregon

The Honorable Mark O. Hatfield, Chairman (R) Chairman, Senate Committee on Appropriations Member, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee: Commerce, Justice, State and=
=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SH-711 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-3701 Telephone: (202) 224-3753 Fax=A8 (202) 224-0276

South Carolina

The Honorable Ernest F. Hollings (D) Ranking Member, Senate Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State, and=20 Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SR-125 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-4002 Telephone: (202) 224-6121 Fax: (202) 224-4293 E-Mail: senator@hollings.senate.gov

Texas

The Honorable Phil Gramm (R) Chairman, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State,=
=20 and Judiciary U. S. Senate=20 SR-370 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-4302 Telephone: (202) 224-2934 Fax: (202) 228-2856 E-Mail: info@gramm96.org

West Virginia

Robert C. Byrd (D) Ranking Democrate, Senate Appropriations Committee U. S. Senate=20 SH-311 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510-4801 Telephone: (202) 224-3954 Fax: (202) 224-8070

The Honorable Alan B. Mollohan (D) Ranking Democrat, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice,=
=20 State and Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives 2427 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20515-4801 Phone: (202) 225-4172 FAX: (202) 225-7564

Wisconsin

The Honorable David R. Obey (D) Ranking Member, House Appropriations Committee U.S. House of Representatives 2462 Rayburn House Washington, DC 20515-4907 Phone: (202) 225-3365 FAX:(202) 225-0561

----------------------------------------------------------------------- LIST OF 10 E-MAIL ADDRESSES

LIST OF 10 E-MAIL ADDRESSES=09(full addresses follow)

SENATE AND HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS SUB-COMMITTEE: COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE=20 AND JUDICIARY

1. Arizona The Honorable Jim Kolbe <jimkolbe@hr.house.gov> U.S. House of Representatives

2. Arkansas The Honorable Dale Bumpers <Senator@bumpers.senate.gov> U. S. Senate=20

3. Colorado The Honorable David E. Skaggs <skaggs@hr.house.gov> U.S. House of Representatives

4. Nebraska The Honorable J. Robert Kerrey <bob@kerrey.senate.gov> U. S. Senate=20

5. New Hampshire The Honorable Judd Gregg <mailbox@gregg.senate.gov> U. S. Senate=20

6. New Mexico The Honorable Pete V. Domenici <senator_domenici@domenici.senate.gov> U. S. Senate=20

7. New York The Honorable Michael P. Forbes <mpforbes@ht.house.gov> U.S. House of Representatives

8. North Carolina The Honorable Charles H. Taylor <chtaylor@hr.house.gov> U.S. House of Representatives

9. South Carolina The Honorable Ernest F. Hollings <senator@hollings.senate.gov> U. S. Senate=20

10. Texas The Honorable Phil Gramm <info@gramm96.org> U. S. Senate=20

This is it. Quite long isn't it?? Markus Faigle

************************************************************************ Date: Wed, 11 Oct 1995 18:01:52 -0400 To: nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: Cost of Arun III

Cross-posted from SCN:
---------------------

Ranking of the project based upon the cost/unit installed capacity
(i.e., $/kW) is not a sound basis for the comparison, I think so. What is more important is the firm capacity, and the expected total annual energy. The total power is governed by the availability of the flow and the system configuration. What would have happend if the installed capacity of the Arun III were 603 MW? Cost per unit kW would have been much lower. Can we expect more energy? May be not. As far as I know the firms capacity of the Arun III is about 195 MW, after combining both phases (may be I am wrong). From this point Arun III is equally bad too. Without serious workouts, it is not that simple to say what is best alternative. But I will be very happy if someone could provide some information on how the capacity of the Arun II project was decided? I mean the basis of study?

***************************************************** Date: Wed, 11 Oct 1995 22:09:53 -0500 From: karkis@mail.med.upenn.edu (Sher B. Karki) To: Nepal@cs.niu.edu Subject: News 10/11/1995

Forwarded by Mary Des Chene

The material that follows has been provided by Gemini News Service
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHEEP RATHER THAN POLITICS MARK THE PASSAGE OF TIME

Nepal's fledgling democracy has been rocked by political upheaval over the past few months as its minority Communist government battled to stay in power before being toppled and replaced by a Centre-Right coalition. But when a Gemini News Service correspondent talked to villagers, he found that most were unimpressed with the changes.

By MOHAN MAINALI, a freelance Nepalese journalist.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

The recent roller-coaster ride of Nepali politics has done little to lift the hopes of villagers in the high hills around Gorkha.

"Why should I bother about the politicians' battle over power if no-one is serious about villagers' problems?" asks Tula Ram Ghale of Uhiya village, switching off a radio broadcast about the latest developments in Kathmandu.

After a long battle, the nine-month minority Communist Party government of Man Mohan Adhikari was toppled by a vote of no-confidence and replaced in September by a Nepali Congress-led coalition, with Sher Bahadur Deuba as the new Prime Minister.

The Communists had tried to dodge the no-confidence vote by dissolving parliament and won permission from King Birendra to continue governing until a November general election. But the opposition branded the tactic as undemocratic, and blocked it in the Supreme Court.

However, Ghale's verdict on all the goings-on in the capital is simply: "I can't distinguish between the utterances of politicians and the utterances of drunkards."

Ghale believes that in some ways his family was better off 40 years ago, before the authorities launched a "village-oriented development programme", which, he says, has been ineffective.

His indifference is shared by many villagers. In nearby Gumda village, Uar Singh Gurung remembers the overthrow of the feudal Rana regime in 1951, and has lived through periods of democracy and direct rule by the monarch.

"If you want to know what change I have seen in my life," he retorts, "it is the number of sheep in my farm. I had nine sheep when I began helping my father at the age of nine, and I have 69 now that I am 69."

He has difficulty feeding and caring for his flock as his pastureland is in poor condition and he has no access to veterinary services. He says the local education facilities are inadequate and expensive, and he cannot send his grandchildren to school.

It is the same tune in Samdo village, on the border with Tibet. Villagers feel badly neglected by the politicians. Having lost some of their summer grazing lands to China in a border agreement signed by the government in Kathmandu, they were for many years not recognised as Nepalese citizens.

"It took the Supreme Court almost a decade to decide whether we were Nepalese or Chinese," says the village headman. They finally won recognition as citizens of Nepal 20 years ago, but the villagers complain they are still deprived of basic services.

For instance, they say they receive no subsidised grain, which is normally provided to areas suffering food shortages. Samdo, in a remote hanging valley 12,400 feet above sea level, grows barley and potatoes - but not enough to feed its 150 people, who have to import food from Tibet.

The village leader says some people have returned to their lost lands, now owned by Tibet, and accepted life under Chinese rule, rather than "free but hungry life in Nepal".

Kunsang Tsring, a former chairman of Samdo village council, accuses the elected representatives at the district level and above of ignoring their needs. "We realise that we are part of Nepal once a year when we pay land tax," he says bitterly.

Residents of Filim village say they were angry when their local member of parliament wrote to them just before last year's elections to say that he had spoken to the Prime Minister about the establishment of a local secondary school.

"Though we are illiterate, we are not so foolish to believe that the Prime Minister looks after such minor issues," comments one villager, Ram Bahadur Gurung.

Some people, however, are not indifferent to the political changes. Chhebang Gyaljan, who chairs a village development committee, believes that the new government will scrap the communists' "Build Your Village Yourselves" programme, which offers $10,000 development grants.

The Nepali Congress and its allies - the right-wing Rastriya Prajatantra Party and the Nepal Sadvabana Party - criticised the scheme as a populist, vote-buying device. But Gyaljan fears the loss of the programme will hit his plans for a local electricity-generating project.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright: News-Scan International Ltd (1995) 3/10

October 11, 1995; Wednesday 14:19 Eastern Time

SECTION: International news

LENGTH: 214 words

HEADLINE: 3 Missing In Himalayas AP- Nepal -Climbers

DATELINE: KATMANDU, Nepal

BODY:
A Japanese man and two French climbers are missing in the Himalayan mountains, the government said Wednesday.

The Tourism Ministry, which monitors all climbing expeditions, said Hisayoshi Tawaraya, 54, of Tokyo was missing after he scaled Dhaulagiri-I with a Nepalese guide on Friday.

Tawaraya reached the summit in the late afternoon, but was reported missing later that day. It was not immediately clear if his guide returned to a base camp.

Three other expedition members who climbed the 26,951-foot mountain returned safely, the ministry said.

Rescuer workers, meanwhile, have not yet found two Frenchmen who have been missing since last Thursday on Kanchenjunga, the world's third-highest mountain.

Mountaineers have scoured the Himalayan range by helicopter, but have found no one, it said.

The materials in the Xinhua file were compiled by The Xinhua News Agency. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Xinhua News Agency.

OCTOBER 11, 1995, WEDNESDAY

LENGTH: 161 words

HEADLINE: nepal to repair highways with world bank aid

DATELINE: kathmandu, october 11; ITEM NO: 1011061

BODY:
nepal will start the rehabilitation, maintenance and detailed engineering work for some 500 kilometers of highways across the country with aid from the world bank, according to the ministry of works and transport. some 50.5 million us dollars have been granted by the world bank for repairing the roads damaged by rainfall, floods and landslides, a spokesman from the ministry said tuesday. he added that more than 8,000 kilometers of roads needed repairing in nepal every year but repair work could not be conducted in time because of shortage of money. the country's land transport system is under threats from floods and landslides caused by incessant rains during monsoon, or the raining season, usually from july to september. listed as one of the poorest countries in the world, nepal does not have enough money to repair these damaged roads and has to find donor agencies for the rehabilitation and maintenance of these roads, the spokesman said.

October 10, 1995 23:33 Eastern Time

SECTION: Financial pages

LENGTH: 667 words

HEADLINE: Nepal's government set for difficult budget balancing act

BYLINE: Kedar Man Singh

DATELINE: KATHMANDU, Oct 8

BODY:
Nepal's coalition government faces the unenviable, but vital, task in the coming days of devising a budget to balance rising expenditure against plunging revenue in one of the world's poorest nations.

Finance Minister Ram Sharan Mahat is in Washington this week for a meeting of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, where he will be lobbying hard for their help in perfecting the balancing act.

Speaking before his departure Wednesday, Mahat said he would be asking World Bank President James Wolfensohn to provide Nepal with loans on soft and lenient terms for its overall economic development.

Soon after returning home on October 12, Mahat will table a modified budget of the three-party coalition government to the 205-member lower house of parliament, a finance ministry official said.

The ousted Nepal Communist Party-United Marxist and Leninist (NCP-UML) implemented the 52.9 billion rupee (1.06 billion dollar) 1995/96 budget on July 11 through a royal ordinance.

The NCP-UML had pledged to follow open economic market policies and fiscal reforms, but failed to woo foreign investors and expand Nepalese exports to the West, economists said.

The leftist budget was bitterly criticized by opposition leaders as a
"populist budget" mainly "designed for the interest of the communist party and to influence voters."

In September a united opposition overthrew the ten-month old NCP-UML regime, through a censure motion.

The present coalition government is composed of the Nepali Congress (NC), the rightist Rastriya Prajatantra Party and the pro-India Nepal Sadbhavana Party, and is headed by NC's Sher Bahadur Deuba.

Macro Economist and a professor, Prithvi Raj Ligal is scathing of the former regime's attempts at growth: "The wrong economic and fiscal policies of the overthrown communist government in its nine-month rule created a chronic economic situation in the country.

"Foreign exchange reserves before the communist government took office totalled about 880 million dollars but due its wrong fiscal and customs policies, the reserves plunged to 720 million dollars," he said.

"If the outflow of the foreign exchange is not stopped immediately, the state coffer will soon be empty."

The trade deficit of 47 billion rupees during fiscal 1994/95 (ending mid-July) also pushed the rupee three per cent down against the US dollar, he said.

"Important changes will occur in the government's customs tariffs which will try to control the deflection of trade to and from India and... to stop draining the foreign currencies," the Finance Ministry official said.

Trade turnover in 1994/1995 stood at 1.66 billion dollars trade turnover.
Nepal's exports were worth 360 million dollars, a slump of some 20 percent.

Notable amongst the export slump were hand-woven wool carpets and cotton garments.

In 1993/94 total trade turnover was 1.43 billion dollars; exports of amounted to 388 million dollars against imports of 1.04 billion dollars.

The materials in the Xinhua file were compiled by The Xinhua News Agency. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Xinhua News Agency.

OCTOBER 10, 1995, TUESDAY

LENGTH: 151 words

HEADLINE: nepal committed to free market economy

DATELINE: kathmandu, october 10; ITEM NO: 1010122

BODY:
the nepali government is committed to introducing a free market policy in the country, prime minister sher bahadur deuba said here monday. at a reception for the new cabinet held by the federation of nepalese chambers of commerce and industry (fncci), deuba urged industrialists and traders to come up with concrete suggestions for the country's economic development. he said that the government was eager to cooperate with the business community and would seek to maintain an environment of safety and security for both nepali and foreign investors. fncci president padma jyoti called on the government to launch institutional reforms to strengthen nepal's competitiveness on the international market. the nepali coalition government was formed last month by three former opposition parties to replace the minority communist government defeated in a no-confidence vote in the parliament earlier.

Proprietary to the United Press International 1995

October 10, 1995, Tuesday, BC cycle

SECTION: International

LENGTH: 161 words

HEADLINE: Illegal aliens ordered to quit India

DATELINE: NEW DELHI, Oct. 10

BODY:
The government in the tiny northeastern Indian state of Mizoram on Tuesday warned all foreigners living illegally in the area to leave within two months or face arrest, a newspaper reported. A senior state government official said the order had been issued to district officials throughout the state and is specifically targeted at ''infiltrators'' from neighboring Nepal, Bangladesh, Burma and Bhutan, the Press Trust of India reported. All illegal immigrants should leave the state by December or face arrest, state officials said. After the deadline, they warned, teams of magistrates and police would comb the border areas and arrest any unregistered foreigners. In the past two decades, an influx of refugees into northeastern India from poor neighboring countries has led to increased unemployment and food shortages in the under-developed area. Social tensions and animosity have risen between the local population and migrants.

The materials in the Xinhua file were compiled by The Xinhua News Agency. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Xinhua News Agency.

OCTOBER 9, 1995, MONDAY

LENGTH: 176 words

HEADLINE: nepali foreign minister on external relationship

DATELINE: kathmandu, october 9; ITEM NO: 1009037

BODY:
the nepali coalition government will give top priority to safeguarding and promoting nepal's national interest while dealing with foreign countries, foreign minister prakash chandra lohani said sunday, according to the "kathmandu post" today. in an exclusive interview with the local paper before leaving for the 50th session of the un general assembly, lohani said that nepal would remain "sensitive at the same time to its point of view." on nepal's relations with india, he said that the treaties and pacts between the two countries must be viewed with a perspective of an evolving regional geo-political situation and the aspirations of the nepalese people. "we must proceed step by step establishing an improved atmosphere of trust and confidence based on understanding of each other's national interest and the principle of mutual benefits," said lohani. he added that the government would soon seek to settle the bhutanese refugee issue with bhutan. close to 100,000 bhutanese refugees are now staying in 10 refugee camps in eastern nepal.

October 9, 1995, Monday, BC cycle

LENGTH: 175 words

HEADLINE: DANISH DEVELOPMENT MINISTER TO VISIT NEPAL

DATELINE: KATHMANDU, Oct 9

BODY:
Denmark's Developmental Aid Minister Poul Nielson is scheduled to arrive in Nepal on Tuesday to sign an agreement on Danish aid projects, Nepali officials said on Monday.

They said the agreement would specify employment terms and conditions for expatriate workers in Danish-aided projects in
Nepal.

A Finance Ministry official told Reuters that Denmark had pledged grants worth 550 million Danish crowns ($ 100 million) to
Nepal over the next five years.

"Specific projects and areas to be covered by the Danish assistance are discussed at the official level negotiations between the two governments every year," he said.

Danish aid to Nepal, which began in 1973, covers forestry projects, dairy development schemes, telecommunications, education and assistance to strengthen democratic institutions.

Nielson, the first foreign dignitary to visit the kingdom since its coalition government assumed office last month, is scheduled to meet King Birendra and Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba on Wednesday, officials said.

The materials in the Xinhua file were compiled by The Xinhua News Agency. These materials may not be republished without the express written consent of The Xinhua News Agency.

OCTOBER 8, 1995, SUNDAY

LENGTH: 143 words

HEADLINE: diarrhea top threat to nepali children

DATELINE: kathmandu, october 8; ITEM NO: 1008037

BODY:
diarrhea has become the most serious threat to the lives of children in
nepal, a recent research paper by a local pediatrician said. according to the report prepared by senior pediatrician manindra baral, about 45,000 children below the age of five in nepal die of diarrhea diseases every year whereas annual infant mortality in the country figures at 70,000. baral said that respiratory diseases were among other major causes of child mortality in
nepal. children up to 14 constitute about 14 percent of the total population of 20 million in the country, but the number of pediatricians in the whole country only stands below 20,000, baral said. although there are many non-governmental organizations involved in social activities in this tiny himalayan country, those actively engaged in welfare of children number only about 16, according to baral.

******************************************************* From: adhital@st6000.sct.edu (Arun Dhital) Subject: Nepali in Houston ? To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu Date: Thu, 12 Oct 1995 11:40:00 -0400 (EDT)

Dear Friends;
After finished my school in Atlanta , I have moved to Houston TX. and would like to keep in touch with Nepali friends and friends of Nepal here. If you are in Houston area please call me at 497-4792 or email me adhital@st6000.sct.edu Thank you very much. Arun.

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