Received: from mp.cs.niu.edu (mp.cs.niu.edu [131.156.1.2]) by library.wustl.edu (8.6.12/8.6.9) with SMTP id UAA00811; Mon, 25 Nov 1996 20:25:59 -0600 Received: by mp.cs.niu.edu id AA01610 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for nepal-dist); Mon, 25 Nov 1996 18:03:00 -0600 Received: by mp.cs.niu.edu id AA01606 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for nepal-list); Mon, 25 Nov 1996 18:02:59 -0600 Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 18:02:59 -0600 Message-Id: <199611260002.AA01606@mp.cs.niu.edu> Reply-To: The Nepal Digest <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu> From: The Editor <nepal-request@cs.niu.edu> Sender: "Rajpal J. Singh" <A10RJS1@cs.niu.edu> Subject: The Nepal Digest - November 26, 1996 (10 Mangshir 2053 BkSm) To: <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu> Content-Type: text Content-Length: 62662 Status: O X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 214
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The Nepal Digest Tuesday 26 Nov 96: Mangshir 10 2053BS: Year5 Volume56 Issue4
Today's Topics:
Nepal News
A love poem
Adjective hurling critics
Volunteer Opportunities in Nepal
Michigan State University introduces Nepal Program
Hong Kong: Gurkha Farewell
Subject: essays for TND sent from Kathmandu
******************************************************************************
* TND (The Nepal Digest) Editorial Board *
* -------------------------------------- *
* *
* The Nepal Digest: General Information mailto:info-tnd@nepal.org *
* Chief Editor: RJP Singh mailto:a10rjs1@mp.cs.niu.edu *
* Columnist: Pramod K. Mishra mailto:pkm@acpub.duke.edu *
* SCN Correspondent: Rajesh B. Shrestha mailto:rajs@aleph0.clarku.edu *
* *
* TND Archives: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/tnd/ *
* TND Foundation: http://www.nepal.org mailto:info-tnd@nepal.org *
* WebSlingers: Pradeep Bista,Naresh Kattel,Robin Rajbhandari,Prakash Bista*
* mailto:webmaster-tnd@nepal.org *
* *
* +++++ Food For Thought +++++ *
* *
* "Heros are the ones who give a bit of themselves to the community" *
* "Democracy perishes among the silent crowd" -Sirdar_Khalifa *
* *
******************************************************************************
******************************************************************
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 1996 12:14:11 -0400
To: The Nepal Digest <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu>
Subject: Nepal News
Thapa slams UML (Source: Kathmandu Post)
By a Post Reporter
KATHMANDU, Nov 21 - The Rastriya Prajatantra Party (RPP) chairman Surya Bahadur
Thapa today lashed out at the opposition CPN-UML, saying that it was trying to
destabilize the current political situation by utilizing its easy money to buy
members from other parties in its favour.
In a press statement issued Thursday, Thapa accused leaders of the main
opposition with accepting corruption as natural even as they talk much in
public about idealism and morality.
"Lately, UML and other party leaders have levelled serious corruption charges
against RPP leaders, which has hurt us very much," Thapa said. "We have taken
these allegations as a challenge to RPP leadership."
The RPP chief said it is crystal clear before all that the CPN-UML during its
nine months in power institutionalized corruption both at macro level and on an
extensive scale and amassed massive fortunes.
Fortunes worth hundreds of millions accumulated through corruption, horse
trading aimed at disrupting political stability and the flaunting of property
amassed throught unfair means amount to nothing less than the face of
corruption, he added.
The aristocratic life-style, modern bungalows, Japanese motor vehicles, etc
now flaunted by a leadership that arose from among dedicated the committed party
workers leading their hard lives would only have been possible through
corruption, said Thapa.
Thapa's statement comes at a time when rumours were rife that UML was
negotiating a coup in alliance with the RPP to bring down the coalition and
form a new one at its own leadership.
Nepal enjoys trade surplus with Germany (Source: Explore Nepal)
By EN Reporter
Germany is the biggest export market for Nepalese products. Export to Germany
in the fiscal year 1994/1995 amounted
to Rs. 6550 million, that is 36.6 percent of total export earning of
Rs. 17927 million.
Nepal enjoys favourable trade balance with Germany. Nepal imported goods
equivalent to Rs. 1748 million from Germany during the same period.
Chairman of Nepal German Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Dibyamani Rajbhanadari says the main export to Germany from
Nepal is carpet which declined after the 1993. To sustain carpet
export to Germany we have to control quality, initiate promotion
activities and guarantee the removal of child labour in the carpet
factory, he strerred.
There are other exportable items in Nepal such as garment, medical
oil, power, leather, handicrafts and jewellery, he says adding this is
the age of competition so we should give attention in quality and
professional expertise.
Mr. Rajbhanadari suggests that government should make the law
easier to invest and the shortcomings in investment policy should
be removed.
According to him hydro-power is one of the main sector where German can
invest which can be exportable to India and
Tibet. Assembling industries and tourism development sector can be equally
fruitful for Nepal, he maintains.
After the restoration democracy the Nepali Congress government initiated of
liberal economic policy but the investment
has not been poured as expected.
His Majesty's government has focused its attention on economic diplomacy but
the work has not been done in accordance
with the policy, he says.
Export to Germany increased from Rs2779 million in 1990/991 to a record high
of Rs. 8354 million in 1994/95.
Nepal exported more than 30 different products to 59 countries in 1994/95.
Decline in the export of carpet is the sole
reason for decrease in export to Germany in the last few years. Carpet alone
constitutes nearly 96 percent of the total
export to Germany.
Nepal exported 2.89 million sq mts. of carpet to the world market at value of
Rs. 7703 million and Germany alone has
bought 2.30 million sq.mts. (value at Rs. 6246.1 million.)
Total carpet export had gone down by 12.90 percent in 1994/95 in comparison to
1993/94 export of 3.32 million sq.mts.
Import of German goods into Nepal is limited. In 1994 out of Nepal's total
import worth of Rs. 64500 million only 2.7
percent (value at Rs. 1748 million) came from Germany. Nepal imported more
than 100 different products from 57
different countries in the same period.
Export to Germany from Nepal besides carpet includes handicrafts, silver
jewellery, garments, leather, wooden and
bamboo goods, lentils, tea. Essential oils of herbs and aromatic plants. Joint
venture companies have started to export
micro transformers and high value garments and knitwear to the German market.
Nepal imports mainly industrial raw materials, chemicals, machineries,
equipment and parts, electric and electronic goods,
vehicles from Germany.
As of December 1995, number of approved Nepal German joint venture projects
was fifteen. Among them six were in
operation, one under construction five were granted license and three were
approved. Authorized capital of the projects in
operation was Rs. 165.09 million.
Established with the objective to promote Nepal German economic activities
specially in trade, industry and tourism.
NGCCI has extended all possible support to Nepalese and German Business
community to realize existing business
potentials, Mr. Rajbhandari informed.
German President Roamn Herjog is visiting Nepal next week and a group of
businessman and a group of businessmen is
coming with the German president and the meeting with them will be fruitful to
attract investment and promote trade
between the two countres.
CIAA orders IGP Bohra to explain his position (Source: Kathmandu Post)
By a Post Reporter
KATHMANDU, Nov 20 - The Commission for Investigation of Abuse of
Authority (CIAA) has ordered the Inpector General of Police (IGP), Motilal
Bohra, to explain his position regarding a complaint of 'corrupt activities'
against him recently filed with the Commission.
A source at the CIAA told The Kathmandu Post today that the order, sent a
couple of days ago, has already been received by Bohra.
The CIAA's order, demanding clarifications, is based on a complaint believed to
be from police officers which alleges Bohra owning property and other
valuables disproportionate to his known source of income.
The complaint, said the source, accuses the IGP of violating the law for his
personal interest. "He constructed a mansion worth millions in Achham, his
home district, another house in New Baneswor (Kathmandu) and has
purchased a big plot of land in Budhanilkantha," the source quotes the
complaint as alleging.
The complaint also says that the IGP has purchased land in Biratnagar,
Chitwan, Birgunj and Kailali.
******************************************************************
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 1996 12:14:11 -0400
To: The Nepal Digest <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu>
From: kiran@hydra.rose.brandeis.edu (Namita Kiran)
Subject: al ove poem
A love poem
Sitting across from you
I look at your qivering hands
so close but so far away
so near but miles apart
I lean forward, trying to tell you
but the reality checks in
a cold draft ...
"ma'm shall I tell you today's special?"
Silence. Empty plates.
I look into your eyes
very quiet
but tells volume
I hear you talking but I am not listening
I am in my own reverie
in a different time zone
light years away
I am waking up with you.
I am walking along with you in the midst of swirling fog
I am listening to your whispers
"I love you, I love you, I love..."
"Coffee or tea?"
The rude awakening
"No, thanks. Just the check please"
you are signing off
and I feel - also my life, my world
and my soul
Goodbye.
Au voir.
Till we see next time...
Namita Kiran
*******************************************************************
Subject: Looking for info on education
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 1996 13:16:25 -0500 (EST)
Forwarded by: "Rajesh B. Shrestha" <rshresth@BBN.COM>
Hello,
I'm looking for any inofrmation re primary/secondary education in Nepal,
or the Educational System (history/analysis/critique etc.), or any data
on education in Nepal .... in terms of resource people, journal
articles, books, other publications, or even a book/article list ....
any response or materials would be helpful.
Thank you.
Sajeev Rana
*********************************************************************
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 96 22:11:09 EST
From: Seira Tamang <ST9846A@american.edu>
Subject: adjective hurling critics
To: Nepal Digest <nepal@cs.niu.edu>
This is in response to Ashutosh Tiwari's rejoinder (in 10/6/96 TND for those wh
o are trying to follow - I can't do the whole quoting directly thing cos it is
too high-tech) to my critique (in 8/10/96 TND) of his "generational essay"
(8/7/96). I apologize for taking so long, part of that excuse being that I was
trying to track down the "generational essay" so I could remember the intricac
ies of the target at which I hurled my adjectives. Having re-read the article
again, I understand what Ashutosh is trying to do, ie bring to light the genera
l differences that appear to be emerging between the how the "old politicians"
and new "Nepali professionsals" conceptualize and mediate the political. Howev
er, I understood this before. My critique of his piece, was not to hurl anythi
ng - especially of a slanderous nature, but to merely engage in this debate
as a means with which to further conversation. Re-reading his piece, I still
think that it paints too simplistic and dichotomous a picture, which as an orie
nting piece is useful but can be misleading. I believe I was forwarding the
debate (contrary to Ashutosh's response) by taking it a step further and proble
matizing the dichotomy and bringing out the difficulties in "older generation"=
bad, "new generation" = good dichotomy which I thought was the overall TAKE HOM
E MESSAGE - there were no nuances in that "generational essay" to suggest that
Ashutosh had taken into account that which he then states he did in his rebutta
l to my response - ie, it was not at all clear that he was aware that "every
professional of the old generation in Nepal is necessarily bad". This is not
to say that I thought he did not know this - it is just to say that his essay
did not convey this message. So my response was meant to push the boundaries o
f this analysis. Furthermore, I had never branded his as being "intolerant".
What I did say was the the "hubris of the author of the "generational
essay" ON BEHALF OF THE "young professional" side of the dichotomy" - which fa
r from branding Ashutosh "intolerant" was couched in such a manner as to a) poi
nt out the dangers of good/bad dichotomies and b) warning OUR WHOL GENERATION A
S A WHOLE (myself included), not to let pride and hubris lull us into complance
ncy and/or claiming the higher moral ground. Consequently,I read my piece as
not closing the debate but introducing nuances so as to complicate the
dichotomy and thus allow us to take the debate in more meaningful directions.
Now, I had admitted when using my Goldhagen/Holocaust analogy that I was teeter
ing on "overstretching" and I had put in my caveat that I was in no way compari
ng the Holocaust to any of Nepal's or our experiences ( a caveat which an earli
er respondant had missed) - but it seems my TAKE HOME message was missed - so
it appears that both Ashutosh and I have failed as writers. As an alternative
to accusing people of "interpreting the text way too loosely" I apologize for
not being clear and indeed for using an analogy laden with emotional and distur
bing imagery. Perhaps my perchant for "one sided, personal, negative character
-stretching" has clouded my ability to think in non-provocative terms. Seira
*******************************************************************
Date: 21 Nov 1996 13:08:40 EST
To: Nepal <nepal-request@cs.niu.edu>
From: "Gregory D. Bullion" <104111.3341@CompuServe.COM>
Subject: Information Request
Dear Sirs:
My 5 year old son's kindergarden class is studying geography in a very unique
way. They are following a pair of cats called the "Scaredy Cats" around the
world. The "Scaredy Cats" are a pair of blue and yellow cats. This is make
believe because these cats are only toy cats.
The children learn about our world when the "Scaredy Cats" send them a post car
d
from a particular country or place. The post card is usually post marked in
that country. On the card the "Scaredy Cats" write a short note about what
they are doing in that country. Mrs Synder, the childrens teacher, helps the
kids find the country on the globe and talks about that country. The kids
really learn a lot about our world and have fun in the process.
You can help by sending the kindergarden class a post card to the following
address:
Messiah Luthern Kindergarden
7211 Stellhorn Road
Fort Wayne, IN 46815, USA
On the card please write a short note about something you might do in your
country. The note might be something like this:
"We are having fun in (insert the name of your country). We saw
(insert something that is fun to see). The weather here is (insert the
type of weather you currently have). Love, Yellow Cat and Blue Cat.
Thank you for helping. Perhaps you might not be the appropriate person to send
a post card. If not, then please send me the address of the person(s) who is o
r
forward my e-mail message to them. Thank you again for helping the children i
n
my son's kindergarden class to learn about the world!
Sincerely,
Dale and Tracy Bullion
***************************************************************
Date: Wed, 20 Nov 1996 23:17:26 PST
To: info-tnd@nepal.org
From: "Earl H. Parrish, M.D." <"eparrish "@cdsnet.net>
Subject: Volunteer Opportunities in Nepal
Dear Info/Nepal
I and my wife have been going to Nepal at least once per year to offer
volunteer reconstructive plastic surgery to the Nepalese people. We
generally work at Patan Hospital, but we also work at TUTH. From time
to time we take non=medical personnel with us and they usually want to
volunteer their services at other sites outside the hospital setting.
In February of this year we will again be at Patan Hospital. We are
bringing with us a retired, but very active, former High School teacher
and counselor. Do you have any ideas for a volunteer position for him?
He is tentatively planning to work with the Missionaries of Charity of
Nother Teresa of Calcutta.. I am sure he would like to hear of any other
possible jobs that he could do as a volunteer.
I thank you for your advice and assistance in this matter.
Sincerely
Earl H. Parrish, MD
**********************************************************
Date: Thu, 21 Nov 1996 19:29:30 -0500
To: The.Nepal.Digest.<NEPAL@cs.niu.edu>
From: alpha.amatya@washcoll.edu (Alpha Amatya)
Subject: Re: The Nepal Digest - November 22, 1996 (6 Mangshir 2053 BkSm)
> I was wondering if there was anyway possible for you guys to send my
subscription to Nepal digest as a file.The email system we have in school
doesn't let me read large documents if it is not received as a file.I am so
tired of getting only half of the Digest all the time.
Thanking you,
Alpha
******************************************************************
From: eking@geology.wisc.edu (Elizabeth M. King)
Subject: ganesh himal
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Date: Fri, 22 Nov 1996 08:57:58 -0600 (CST)
I was in Nepal in 1993 and learned of the Ganesh Himal lead zinc mine that
was attempting to start production, depending on funding from the UNDP. On
my subsequent trip to the country, I heard nothing of the mining
operations there. Does anyone know the status of the project? did it get
funding, is it still exploring or did it give up? I would appreciate any
news any one has about it.
Elizabeth
********************************************************************
From: karma@MIT.EDU
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Subject: The newly elected GBNC Council
Date: Fri, 22 Nov 1996 15:01:09 EST
The Greater Boston Nepali Community (GBNC) hosted its annual Dashain Party on
Oct 26 at MIT. The party was attended by some 250 Nepalis and friends of Nepal
from various parts of the northeast. The annual election for the GBNC council
was also held at the same event. The newly elected council members are :
President: Bhupesh Karki
Vice-President: Raju Pradhan
Secretary: Prabhat Adhikari
Treasurer: Rabi Karmacharya
Members: Sri Krishna Pandey
Ramona Chitrakar
Kiran Manandhar
Sabeen Bania
Anoop Shrestha
Sanjay Singh Karki
Dilip Parajuli
Bibek Chapagain
Rajesh Shrestha
Besides the annual social gatherings, this year we have undertaken the hosting
of the ANA Convention in July 1997. We have already started working on making
this event a memorable one for all the participants.
Rabi Karmacharya
GBNC Council
*************************************************************
From: aiko <gs07aaj@panther.Gsu.EDU>
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
Hello! This is for all you students out there: if you are on the quarter
system like me, we are almost finished and we can relax for a month or so.
Great isn't it!! If U are all on semester system, well, hang in there, you
don't have that much longer, and at least you have two major holidays to
break the monotony!!(Smile!) Well, this has been a very interesting
quarter for me as I have just begun my Master's in the Women's Studies
Program, and I would like to put a question to all of you - males and
females - and ask how your grammar and high school experiences were both
in Nepal and in the U.S. or Britain(assuming some of you went to grammar
and high school in the U.S. or Britain). For the women, how were the
attitudes of your male classmates and teachers towards you? Were there
attempts to steer you away from "male-dominated" courses like Maths and
Sciences? Was there a difference in the way boisterous, loud female
students were handled and boisterous, loud male students? Do you feel the
education you received was equal to what the boys received, or. . .? Any
opinions would be gladly welcomed. I enjoy a lively debate!
Traditionalists, modernists, and moderates, welcome all! Anne Joshi
******************************************************
Date: Sat, 23 Nov 1996 13:21:00 -0700 (MST)
From: Mohan Dangi <mdangi16@odi.cwc.whecn.edu>
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Subject: Request
To The Editor
Nepal Digest
Dear Sir,
Thank you very much for listening my last concern about getting Nepal
Digest directly to me and up to us. Beside that, I have some more
concerns that I want to share with you or anybody who have ideas about
these concerns:
i.) First of all, I want to know more about the opening positions that you
have posted in Nepal Digest for TND executive officers, Board of trustee
members as well as other openings. Would please tell me the
required qualification, post-description and selection critaria which you
need for the selection of these vacant posts! And also would you tell me
person's location would matter or not.
ii.) Secondly,I want to talk about our Nepalese friends who are in Russia
and other part of former USSR. I know we frequently share our cultures and
ideas with our Nepalese brothers and sister throughout the world, the
example of which is Nepal Digest. Most of the time I see people from
Nepal and rest of the world, but I don't see anything about our Nepalese
brothers and sisters in Russia. Is there anyway that we can keep in
touch through e-mail or some other system with them? Anyone who have idea
about it, would you please write me!
iii.) I know there are number of Nepalese in Australia around Sydney and
other parts of the continent. Since past few years, I have been trying
to get hold of some of my friend from Amrit Science College who are
currently in Australia, but I could not. I am sure they have e-mail
address. For instance, I have been trying to find Upendra Singh's
address. If anyone please who have better ideas of how to find
right person properly in Australian network system, let me know.
Please let me also know Upendra's address if anyone knows.
Thank you again, we have been appreciated with your help!
Sincerely
Mohan
***************************************************************
Date: Sun, 24 Nov 1996 10:44:21 -0600
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
From: shresth1@pilot.msu.edu (Anil Shrestha)
Subject: Michigan State University introduces Nepal Program
Michigan State University, East Lansing is introducing "Spring semester in
Nepal", a part of its multidisciplinary studies under the Office of Study
Abroad Program. The University already has programs in a number of
countries, but the Nepal program is being introduced from Spring Semester 1997.
The academic program is designed for students from all majors. Majors in
social siences, food and natural resource systems, rural development and
environment will particularly benefit from the program.
The program will be based in Pokhara with classes in the Institute of
Forestry and Prithivi Narayan Campus. The introductory and wrap-up program
will be held in Kathmandu. The program also includes field trips to places
such as the National Park at Chitwan and other places. In spring '97 the
program will run from January 16-March 27.
According to official sources, there are 24 students (a big number for a new
study abroad program)leaving for Nepal this January. This program is also
open to students from other Universities. Additional information on this
program can be obtained from:
Office of Study Abroad
109 International Center
Michigan State University,
East Lansing, MI 48824-1035, USA
Phone: 517-353-8920
Fax: 517-432-2082
http://www.egr.msu.edu/ISP/overseas/
OR
http://study-abroad.msu.edu/nepal.html
I personally wish the program a good success and the students going there a
very exciting and rewarding stay.
*****************************************************************
Date: Sun, 24 Nov 1996 14:23:12 CST
To: tnd@nepal.org
From: MEENA SHARMA <SEEMA_KARKI@prodigy.net>
Subject: namaste
Dear Sir/Madam
I am seeking some information on Nepal to complete my paper on "Media in
Nepal". I a student at University of North Alabama doing my graduation
on Radio/TV/Film production.
I need information on media in Nepal, especially electronic media. I
would appreciate if you can provide me any information related to the
subject.
I hope to hear you soon.
Thanks
Meena Sharma
******************************************************************
Date: Sun, 24 Nov 1996 18:00:51 -0600
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
From: Nischal Shrestha <mona@uab.edu>
Subject: Taylor Series.
Hi,
Who invented the Taylor Series?
Someone might say Brook Taylor(1685-1731). But he did not. James Gregory
was already working with Taylor series when Taylor was only a few years old,
and he published the Maclaurin series for tanx, secx,tan(inverse x), and
sec(inverse x), ten years before Maclaurin was born.
Nicolaus Mercator discovered the Maclaurin series for ln(1+x) at
about the same time. Taylor was unware of Gregory's work when he published
his book
'Methodus incrementorum directa et inversa' in 1715, which contained what we
now call Taylor series.
Maclaurin quoted Taylor's work in a Calculus book he wrote in 1742.
The book popularized series representations of functions and although
Maclaurin never claimed to have discovered them, Taylor series centered at
a=0 became known as Maclaurin series.
Thanks,
Nischal.
***********************************************************
Date: Sun, 24 Nov 1996 19:14:15 -0600
From: sharma@plains.nodak.edu (Padam Sharma)
Subject: Hong Kong: Gurkha Farewell
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
Courtesy: India Digest (11/23/96)
By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW
Associated Press Writer
HONG KONG (AP) -- When Khem Bahadur Gurung was 16 and growing up in the
Himalayan foothills, joining the British army was a family thing -- the
honorable way for a young Nepalese to escape the poverty of village life.
Now 40, his wiry body still muscular from years of service, the former
warrant officer has gone from guarding the empire to signing visitors in
and out of the office block where he is a security guard.
"My father was in the army, and our grandfathers, they joined the
British Army in India," he explains.
The Gurkhas, who have assumed legendary stature during their 180 years
of service under the Union Jack, are winding down worldwide as the British
Army downsizes.
Nowhere is the retreat more palpable than in Hong Kong, which says
farewell to Her Majesty's troops on July 1 when China regains sovereignty
over the colony.
It is proving a long goodbye, as unit after unit disbands in simple,
moving ceremonies across the tiny, crowded territory.
There's a hint of hard feelings too, over the meager pensions the
Gurkhas are receiving, compared with their British comrades-in-arms -- not
that they complain outright to the media. Loyalty is ingrained in these
mild-mannered men.
In 1992, 7,500 Gurkhas served in the British army, down from 250,000 in
World War II. By next year, just 2,500 will be left.
"There is still a place in the British Army for them," says Army
spokeswoman Ruth Vernon.
But not in Hong Kong, where the British Army will be replaced by Chinese
troops. Gurkhas who choose not to return to Nepal must find civilian jobs
and, like other ethnic minorities, face an uncertain future under Chinese
rule.
Gurung says he doesn't know whether he can stay on.
Although he has lived here for 15 years, army rules prevented him from
applying for permanent residency. And since the post-handover residency
laws have not yet been written, he can't be sure he can stay and work in
Hong Kong.
"I'm unlucky, I wasn't born here. Will I have a job after 1997? I don't
know," he said.
Gurung says he didn't mean to end up as an office guard. He returned to
Nepal when he quit the army five years ago, went into business, but failed
and came back to Hong Kong. His wife stayed in Nepal with their 17-year-old
daughter, who was born in Hong Kong.
"The Gurkhas have had to take their slice of pain," says Maj. Stuart
Thornborough, a British officer assigned to resettling retired Gurkhas.
At its height, the Gurkha battalion in Hong Kong numbered 4,800.
According to British army figures, 650 ex-servicemen have stayed on, most
of them guarding hotels, offices and the homes of the rich and powerful.
"The future of our country is not so bright," says Gurung, standing with
the perfect posture learned from years of military training.
"So mostly we prefer to join the army. Even with a degree or diploma we
don't get very much money in Nepal."
Some Nepalese villages depend entirely on the money sent home by their
sons, who earn $1,750 a month in pay and benefits. It takes them less than
a week to earn what the average Nepalese makes in a year.
But pensions are far smaller. Under a deal struck in 1947 based on
Indian Army pay, a retired Gurkha soldier gets $36 to $127 a month, about 8
percent of a British soldier's pension.
Cpl. Priti Narayan Rai, 29, is one of the lucky ones who are being
transferred to Britain and remaining in uniform.
Rai, whose grandfather served in the army, is glad he still has his job,
but says the experience is painful nonetheless.
Pointing to a copse of tall trees which he helped plant in his camp long
ago, Rai said: "I feel very sad. But it's going to be cut, and nobody can
stop it."
***************************************************************
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 11:18:35 +0100
From: acoissac@cpr.fr (Andre COISSAC)
Subject: Looking for pen correspondent
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Dear Sirs,
For a long time , I've been looking for a pen correspondent
in your country.
I found your E.mail address on the Web and perhaps could
you help me to get a friend (male or female) interested by exchanging
leeters with a French man.
I am 40 yo, computer engineer in a Business Bank in PARIS.
My main hobbies are reading, stamps, photography, theater,
movies, hiking, horseriding.
Andre COISSAC
102 rue de l'Ouest
75014 PARIS - France
*************************************************
From: "Anne Jellema" <ANNEJ@actionaid.org.uk>
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 12:01:29
Subject: informatin inquiry on primary education
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing with regard to enquiry of informaiton on primary
education.Anne Jellema
International Education Unit
ACTIONAID
Hamlyn House
Macdonald Road
LONDON N19 5PG
tel +44 171 2814101
fax +44 171 2637599
**********************************************************
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 14:27:10 PST
To: a10rjs1@cs.niu.edu
From: Arun S. Rana<sirpsyco@atl.mindspring.com>
Subject: poem
Serpent of Death
The serpent of death
awaits us all,
w/ his hollow eyes
looks within our soul,
standing there, in front of Yama.
Flashing before our eyes,
glimses of our lives,
all that we did
& those moments
when we strayed from the truth.....
Live w/ no fear
for when you conquer your deepest fears
the truth is revealed.
look death in his hollow eyes
& if your heart feels no fear
the empty hole in the serpents eyes
fills with the truth of life
& in them we shall see ourselves
dancin' around in the divine dream....
Our eyes deceive us all,
for they show us beauty in nothingness.
Feelings,
autumn leaves floating in the wind.
We all dream our own dreams
find yours..........
Arun
******************************************************************
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 13:57:58 +0100
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
From: lo12@cornell.edu (Lazima Onta)
Subject: essays for TND sent from Kathmandu
Writings from Kathmandu
The following two essays have been forwarded from the Centre for Social
Research and Development, Kathmandu.
I) Book Review (Published in The Kathmandu Post, 24 November 1996)
A Life Worth Reading
Title: Shadow Over Shangri-la: A Women's Quest for Freedom.
Author: Durga Pokhrel with Anthony Willett
Publisher: Brassey's, 1996
Price: Rs.1425
by Abana Onta
Shadow Over Shangri-la: is an autobiography of Durga Pokhrel, written with
the help of her husband, Anthony Willett. Born in the dominantly Brahmin
village of Kachiday, Dhankuta, Pokhrel's childhood was a happy one. Against
the wish of her father who wanted her to be married when she was about 12,
she set out to achieve certain educational goals. As a result, she was able
to get her B.A. and M.A. degrees in various academic fields.
Even as a young person, she was very determined, courageous, and vocal.
Perhaps because of these personal qualities, she was selected to be the
president of her school union as a ninth grader. At that time she was
invited to attend a student meeting where she learned about the brutal
Panchayat system. This meeting influenced her deeply and she became
determined to fight for democracy. Her difficult political life began from
this point. After finishing her education she worked as a lecturer in
Tribhuvan University, a job from which she was fired in 1975 because of her
active membership in the banned Nepali Congress Party. Subsequently she
applied for many jobs but was turned down each time due to her political
background. Later, she, with the help of some friends, started a press
business and began publishing 'Manas,' a Nepali language monthly, and
'Horizon,' an English language quarterly. The business was taking off when
she was suddenly arrested without any charges in May 1981. She was
imprisoned for about nine months, first in a jail in the Mahakali zone and
later in Kathmandu. After she was freed she was forced to flee Nepal, and
with the help of friends, she made it to the United States.
In this book, the author reveals various aspects of her life in a lucid
way. Her detail account of the prisons is very poignant: it describes the
poor surroundings, the miserable condition of pagal cell, the sufferings
of the women prisoners, and the ways in which jail officers harassed women
prisoners. This book is an inspiring story of a woman who had to fight
against her own family and the society to stand for what she believed in.
In our patriarchal society, women have always been vulnerable. In one place
she writes: "I was seen in the context of our society as a vulnerable,
unprotected woman." For people in power, Pokhrel thus became "an easy
object for victimization." The author also touchingly describes her
emotional state when her family disowned her. Similarly, she provides
interesting accounts of her student life at Harvard University from where
she obtained a Ph. D. in education and her life with Willett in general.
In the epilogue, Pokhrel writes, "Nepal needs a vision" and goes on to give
her suggestions for the country's political, social, and economic
development. Although some of her suggestions seem useful, most of them
show her poor acquaintance with today's Nepal. She firmly believes that
Hindu culture should be maintained everywhere and suggests that the study
and the wide implementation of the Vedas are necessary for the development
of the country. She further writes, "A Hindu democracy is the unique
political path for Nepal. Nothing else will provide remotely the same
positive uniting force." In today's democratic political context, these
suggestions show the author's narrowness in thinking.
She further condemns the activities of various ethnic groups to promote
their language, script, religion, and culture as "communist" activities
that create, "secularism and anti-Hindu feeling in Nepal." She also
mentions that such activities "might abolish the institution of Hindu
monarchy and replace it with some faceless alternative totalitarianism."
This kind of alarm is clearly unwarranted. As many commentators have
pointed out, national unity in post-Panchayat Nepal will come from a vision
that can embrace all kinds of diversity within Nepalis and not from an
imposition of imputed uniformity. This reviewer can't help but ask the
author what kind of democratic society she had in mind when she was working
against the Panchayat system.
Moreover, her other suggestions such as street children can be turned from
pickpockets into conscientious young tour guides, and Nepal can become a
Himalayan Switzerland are not backed up by practical guidelines as to how
these might be achieved. Hence her "vision for Nepal" does not seem to come
from a one-time freedom fighter but from a development 'expert' with very
little familiarity with today's Nepali society. However, despite these
criticisms, the book is worth reading.
Abana Onta is waiting for her BA results.
II ) Investigative Essay:
The author of the following essay, Shailesh Gongal, is a civil engineer now
doing interesting and important research on the pollution of the Bagmati
River System. He is currently writing a conference paper which discusses
some of the points mentioned in this essay in greater detail.
The following essay is an edited version of a longer text in English. The
present version was edited by Pratyoush Onta in his capacity as a member of
the Editorial Board of the bimonthly Nepali language Himal. It has been
translated into Nepali by Biplav Pratik and Subhash Devkota. The Nepali
text which has been further edited by the Himal editorial board will be
published in Himal (Kartik/Mangsir 2053 v.s. issue). This issue will be
published by the end of Mangsir.
Removing the Fog over the UN Park
By Shailesh Gongal
To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the United Nations, a UN
Park is to be built from Sankhamul to Teku Dovan on the bed of the Bagmati
River. Proponents of this 3.6-kilometre park claim that it will provide a
clean, green and healthy environment for the residents of and visitors to
the Valley. This park, along with its kiosks and trees, will be a place to
walk and breathe fresh air, a place to sit down and read newspapers, and
park cars, so they claim.
Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba laid the foundation stone for the
park on Dec 31, 1995 (Poush 16, 2052) on a sandy patch of the Bagmati near
the Maternity Hospital. This signalled that the idea of the park was a fine
one. But is it?
Foundation Stone Before Planning
Mr. Purna Prasad Kadariya, director of the UN Park Development
Committee (UNPDC) stresses that the decision to build the park in the
Teku-Sankhamul area was based on some pre-set criteria of the steering
committee that was created to select the best possible site for the park,
and that the foundation stone was laid based on this decision.
Mr. Kadariya and Mr. Himalayan Shumsher Rana, member of UNPDC and
the executive chairman of Nepal International Centre (NIC), an organization
of former Nepali diplomats that vigorously supports the idea of the
building of the Park , both claim that the decision to build the Park does
not represent a case of bad planning. They claim that the real planning for
the Park has not even started! "Whatever we showed in the NIC Seminar at
the Rastra Bank (6 Sept. 1996) is tentative," stressed both of them.
According to them, everything is in a conceptual stage and nothing is
definite yet.
"As far as the hydrological studies are concerned, private
consultants are doing the research on the whole river system as assigned by
the Department of Irrigation," said Kadariya. "The actual design and work
will start only after we get complete reports from all the sectoral
studies, i.e., hydrological data, meteorological data, drainage and
sewerage data and architectural proposal. The panicky reaction from some
men are premature and un-called for," added Kadariya.
If that is true, then was the laying of the foundation stone by the
Prime Minister also not premature and uncalled for? Both Mr. Rana and Mr.
Kadariya refused to comment when asked this question. Mr. Kadariya added
that he could not say why and how the foundation stone had been laid when
real planning for the Park is at such a preliminary stage. However he added
that the UNPDC was now committed to building the park at least in the area
where the foundation stone exists. He added that the park had to be built
because such an intention has been officially announced!
Eleven months after the laying of the foundation stone, there does
exist a UN Park report, which shows a "crude and likely to increase"
budget of 35 crore rupees, with nothing set aside for maintenance. Since
the Park's total proposed length is 3.6 kilometers, the per-meter cost
comes out to about one lakh rupees.
Inspite of the fund raising seminar held at the conference hall of
the Rastra Bank, no donors have committed themselves to this project.
Kadariya and Rana hope that they will be able to raise funds both inside
and outside the country once they have a complete design in their hands.
Contrary to popular belief, the UN has no role in the building of this
park. Ms. Carroll C. Long, the resident representative of the UNDP,
categorically stated that the UN will not be contributing to the building
of the park.
Justifying Their Idea
The proponents of the UN Park go on record to warn that if the UN
Park is not built now, unwanted settlements will encroach upon the
Bagmati's sandy bed. Theirs may be a legitimate concern but since there are
no law enforcing agencies to check against river encroachment in the first
place, such a warning can only mean this: It is all right to encroach upon
the Bagmati River under the banner of the United Nations, and with the
blessings of the Prime Minister, before the sukumbasis and the hukumbasis
(the powerful rich) usurp it.
In this respect, the process taken up by the proponents of the UN
Park seems no different from that taken up by the people of Raj Ghat area
(opposite Pacahli Ghat near Teku Dovan) who have converted a dry portion of
the River into a football-field. They both make a mockery of Nepal's
heritage preservation laws which allow neither parks nor football fields to
be built over any holy river.
But Mr. Kadariya stresses that the UNPDC has no intention of
acquiring more land in the name of the UN Park. Nor does it intend to train
the river. "River training will depend completely on the report submitted
by the consultancies," explains Kadariya. "We will build the park on the
area as directed by the reports. If the report allows only 5 meter for the
park, we will do accordingly. But, at the place where the foundation stone
was laid, we are obliged to build the park on about 2/3 ropani of area. We
will do only what is suitable to the existing and historical values and
ambiance."
In the UN Park report there is no mention of maintaining the
original width of the river. In fact a recently published plan of the UN
Park (The Sunday Dispatch, Sept. 15) shows that it will occupy 50% of the
river's right of way. According to the UNPDC logic, this plan will provide
equal park area to the citizens of both Patan and Kathmandu so that there
will be no dispute between them. The idea is to build the park in the area
presently not covered by water. Mr. Kadariya justified this by saying that
the river has changed its course.
To argue that the river's right of way has never been as broad as
its sand span might suggest, Kadariya added that our ancestors built ghats
along the river only in those places where there was water. "That's why we
don't have ghats everywhere. For example, there is a ghat only on one side
of the river at Sankhamul." Huta Ram Baidya, one of the foremost critics of
the Park idea laughed at this logic. "People built ghats near those areas
where the population was dense and where it was convenient for them, "
Baidya says. He argues that the people of Patan built a ghat at Sankhamul
because it is nearest to their homes. "At the opposite side of Sankhamul,
there is no ghat because it was sparsely populated. And where there were
population on both sides - for example at Thapathali and Kopundole - there
are ghats on both sides of the river. People built their ghats at the
boundary of the river's right of way" adds Baidya.
It is true that today, the water has changed its course. But that
is because of excessive extraction of sand. If we were to equally
distribute the sand in the river, the water may touch both sides and at
least cover its right of way during monsoon.
Looking at Bagmati, it appears as though the river is drying up.
But such a casual glance is not the right way of estimating the flow-rate
and the force of water, especially at times of flood. When the river is
forced through the remaining half of its width along the 3.6-km stretch of
the proposed park, a bottleneck effect will come about. This bottleneck in
turn, will create a high water pressure, pond-formation, and overflow and
flooding will occur not only on the main Bagmati, but also on its
tributaries such as Tukucha, Dhobikhola, Manahara and Bishnumati Rivers.
All these will then make the water run faster, deeper, through a narrow
gully - providing a high force of erosion, which may eventually wash away
the entire UN Park. Even if the UN park is fortified against being washed
away, that will only direct the river's assault to the religious monuments
and ghats.
From an engineering point of view, this is a dangerous proposition
because when you build a park right on the river bed or streamline and
channelize the river, you end up diverting the course of the river, making
it easier (as in New Baneswor in 1993) to lash out against its new course
during the monsoon season.
Kadariya said that the concern about the bottleneck was unfounded.
He added that no permanent structures will be made and that floods will be
allowed to flow over the park.
However, the tentative budget estimate has allocated the highest share of
the budget (more than 8 crore rupees) for river training under the heading
of "River training using stone masonry".
If people who are interested in building this Park want to save the
Bagmati river system their concern should turn toward complete restoration
of the river. This would include the restoration of the river bed,
strengthening of the bridges, protection and repair of the ghats and
interception of the sewers. All of these things can be done by using
locally available skills and resources, and with a sum of less than 35
crore rupees.
Real Ways to Save the Bagmati
Raising the river beds: The idea of the park without first raising
the river bed is not convincing enough. Through a look at some of the parks
that already exist at the Bishnumati and Rajghat area, one can see that it
really does not enhance the beauty or the atmosphere of the river. These
parks were built without raising the river bed and widening the river.
To save the Bagmati we have to raise the river bed to its original
level as far as practical. This can be done, as has been suggested by
Baidya, by constructing a series of low gabion or similar dams across the
river at predesignated sites throughout the length of the Bagmati River
Family including Bishnumati, Dhobikhola and others. A special dam is
necessary at the Chobhar Gorge. These low dams will keep the river wide,
cause ponding without exerting a high pressure on any single dam, allow the
silt to collect, raise the river bed, and create a park like ambiance.
Some positive effects of low gabion dams are already evident
around: a) The bridge at Manahara River between Koteswore and Satdobato; b)
Balaju Bridge on the Bishnumati; c) Prayag Ghat bridge on the Bagmati d)
Tilganga Bridge on the Bagmati. Though designed for bridge protection,
these can also be modified for river restoration. Another advantage of
building these dams is cost: their construction is relatively cheap, can
start in phases, after the end of rainy season every year. And because it
is already tried and tested, and the results have been positive, the first
phase can start without a lot of hydrological datas. Raising the river
beds will also help protect the ghats by covering the presently exposed
foundations of many ghats. Where the ghats are already damaged, they of
course need to be repaired before dams are built.
Protection of bridges: Not many of us can forget that the
Thapathali Bridge had dangerously sagged in 1991 because of excessive sand
extraction near its foundations. The foundation piers of Tilganga bridge
were also similarly exposed in 1993, and was repaired by the low dam built
on the downstream side(albeit for a different purpose) nearby. And the
result is there for all to see in Tilganga: A higher water level has
covered the piers allowing sand to collect and consolidate and giving a
firm grip to the foundation of the bridge. Height of some of the existing
dams need to be raised too and sand extraction needs to be banned
completely.
Dealing with the sewage: Another major challenge to the UN Park
idea is to keep the untreated sewers from flowing directly into the rivers
between Sundarijal and Chobhar. Kadariya streesed that the UNPDC had
already floated tenders for sewerage works to keep the river clean.
But it is important that all sewers be designed with respect to the
original level of the river. Because if we were to design the sewers with
respect to the present level of the rivers, they will be blocked when we
build low dams to raise the bed. The river restoration will not be complete
until we raise the river bed.
As Madan Shanker Shrestha pointed out four years ago (The Rising
Nepal, July 17, 1992), there do exist ways of eliminating sewer by
constructing Branch and trunk sewers that intercept all the sewage flowing
into the river. And building effluent treatment plants to treat the
collected sewer could also be an integral yet inexpensive, part of the
river-cleaning campaign.
Adds value to the conservation of riverside monuments: Twenty-two
percent (Rs. 7.85 crore) of the budget of the UN Park is allocated for
conservation of monuments. This is commendable but worthless before the
health of the river has been restored. Take Pachali Ghat for example.
Originally there were no more than 12 steps. Now because the water level
(not the volume though) has gone down (due to extraction of sand), the ward
no 12 authority has added four more "go down" steps so the devotees can
reach the holy river. The result is less than aesthetically pleasant. As
long as the river is not healthy, any monument related to the river cannot
serve its purpose and would possess no charm in itself. If the river and
not a 7m wide canal (as per the UN Park Proposal) flows touching the ghats,
it will add value to the monuments in the ghats.
Conclusion
Mr. Rana stressed the fact that the UN Park had at least provided
the forum for discussing the problems of Bagmati. He said that we should be
grateful for this opportunity. The fact is, the problems of Bagmati have
been under discussion long before the idea of UN Park was born.
At this point, all criticisms of the Park idea, no matter how
positive are refuted simply by saying everything is tentative and it is too
early to criticize. And since there are no counter criticisms from the
UNPDC, the general public does not know many issues related to the park.
And when I inquired as to why the UNPDC has not responded to any of the
criticism it has received in the papers, Mr. Kadariya replied that it was
not the job of his organization to do so.
Because the planning is not yet complete, because the hydrological
reports are yet to come, one cannot help but wonder if the UN Park project
is a product of misplaced priorities. Despite its favorable media coverage,
the project is destined to be of benefit only to the contractors and fund
raisers, and not to the people of Kathmandu who will continue to suffer
from river pollution. In the currently proposed avatar, the Park is not the
way to save the Bagmati. It is rather a product of elite political
gimmickry than a project based on sound knowledge, scientific and social.
It is, at the moment, simply a fanciful project proposed by a group of
people representing high levels of the political-financial complex in Nepal
(this is why they were able to have the Prime Minister lay the foundation
stone of a project with no plans). Interested more in the ritualistic
aspects of statecraft and hence devoting more energy to the managing of the
public perceptions of what is being done to tackle Nepal's real
environmental problems than in finding workable solutions to them, this
group demonstrates its politico-financial muscle by concocting projects
like the UN Park.
If only Kathmandu's citizens mustered the necessary commitment,
the entire Bagmati system-- and not only that mere strip of 3.6 km -- can
be restored to its former natural and spiritual glories. That means, not
only will there be clean water and wide river, but also well-protected
ghats and banks with lush green trees. If realized, this will amount to
multiple UN parks.
-------------------
Do you plan on being in Kathmandu next month? Check out the following
discussion groups at Martin's Chautari in Thapathali if you want some
intellectual stimulation!!
Centre for Social Research and Development
Martin Chautari/Nepal Studies Group Discussion Series
Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: 228850; Fax: 223194
December Program
Mangal Bare is a forum for general discussion on various topics related to
Nepal. It meets on alternate Tuesdays. Nepal Studies Group's Research
Discussion Series consists of presentations of papers by researchers. The
series normally meets on the second and fourth Thursdays of each month.
Both forums meet at the premises of Martin Chautari (tel: 246065) in
Thapathali (behind the first V.S. Niketan school building after making the
right turn from NEFEJ office). For more information, please contact
Pratyoush Onta at 228850.
Mangal Bare (5:30 pm )
3 December 1996
The Royal Nepal Academy after the Jana-Andolan (in Nepali)
Bairagi Kainla, RNA
17 December 1996
How Should Nepal Generate Hydroelectricity for Export to India?
Bikash Pandey, Martin Chautari and UC Berkeley
24 December 1996
Who are the Janata (People)? (in Nepali)
Dr Saroj Dhital, Model Community Hospital
Research Discussion Series (5:30pm)
28 November 1996
Nepali Judiciary after the Jana Andolan (in Nepali)
Satish K. Kharel, Nepal Law Campus
12 December 1996
The Status of "The Status of Women in Nepal" Reports
Yasuko Fujikura and Shizu Upadhya, Independent Researchers
26 December 1996
Bir History after the Jana Andolan (in Nepali)
Dr Pratyoush Onta, NSG
Lazima Onta
Department of Anthropology
McGraw Hall
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853
*******************************************************************
Date: Mon, 25 Nov 1996 15:08:00 PST
To: a10rjs1@cs.niu.edu
From: Arun S. Rana<sirpsyco@atl.mindspring.com>
Subject: poem
Mother Cow
years gone by,
still on the same road.
Going where, I don't really know,
driven on by a flame of desire
ignited a long time ago
still burning somewhere deep within my soul,
hidden behind a transparent veil.....
Everywhere around me
desparate souls fighting their way
up an illusionary ladder,
Blinded by a lust for money,
for power, dominance, control.
Day after day
after week after month after year
training to become the master of them all
to conquer,
and proclaim himself the King.
The blind King of the blind audience.....
And the cow walked through the crowd
gazing at the passersby,
witnessing the divine dream
unfolding before her very eyes.......
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