Received: from mp.cs.niu.edu (mp.cs.niu.edu [131.156.1.2]) by library.wustl.edu (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id UAA10387; Fri, 19 Dec 1997 20:53:41 -0600 (CST) Received: by mp.cs.niu.edu id AA01663 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for nepal-dist); Fri, 19 Dec 1997 19:17:54 -0600 Received: by mp.cs.niu.edu id AA01659 (5.67b/IDA-1.5 for nepal-list); Fri, 19 Dec 1997 19:17:53 -0600 Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 19:17:53 -0600 Message-Id: <199712200117.AA01659@mp.cs.niu.edu> Reply-To: The Nepal Digest <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu> From: The Editor <nepal-request@cs.niu.edu> Sender: "Rajpal J.P. Singh" <A10RJS1@cs.niu.edu> Subject: The Nepal Digest - December 20, 1997 (7 Poush 2054 BkSm) To: <NEPAL@cs.niu.edu> Content-Type: text Status: O X-Status: X-Keywords: X-UID: 249
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The Nepal Digest Sat Dec 20, 1997: Poush 7 2054BS: Year6 Volume69 Issue4
SEASON'S GREETINGS! HAPPY HOLIDAYS!
Today's Topics:
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* TND (The Nepal Digest) Editorial Board *
* -------------------------------------- *
* *
* The Nepal Digest: General Information tnd@nepal.org *
* Chief Editor: Rajpal JP Singh a10rjs1@mp.cs.niu.edu *
* (Open Position) *
* Columnist: Pramod K. Mishra pkm@acpub.duke.edu *
* Sports Correspondent: Avinaya Rana avinayar@touro.edu *
* Co-ordinating Director - Australia Chapter (TND Foundation) *
* Dr. Krishna B. Hamal HamalK@dist.gov.au *
* Co-ordinating Director - Canada Chapter (TND Foundation) *
* Anil Shrestha SHRESTHA@CROP.UOGUELPH.CA *
* SCN Correspondent: Open Position *
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* TND Archives: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/tnd/ *
* TND Foundation: http://www.nepal.org tnd@nepal.org *
* WebSlingers: Pradeep Bista,Naresh Kattel,Robin Rajbhandari *
* Rabi Tripathi, Prakash Bista tnd@nepal.org *
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* +++++ Food For Thought +++++ *
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* "Heros are the ones who give a bit of themselves to the community" *
* "Democracy perishes among the silent crowd" -Sirdar_Khalifa *
* *
******************************************************************************
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Date: Fri, 19 Dec 1997 15:59:31 +0000
From: greta@icimod.org.np
To: tnd@nepal.org
Subject: reply to Mickey Veich aka P.R.Bajracharya
Dear Mickey Veich,
You get your knickers in a twist don't
you boy? I happen to have worked for over 20 years on
Nepali wages. I happen to know that Nepal has little to offer in
terms of incentive( Incidentally I find your comments verging on the
racist, particularly about N.A.Indians), but I also happen to know
(because I've been on the other
side also ) that ex-pats for the most part are not here for
charity,don't kid yourself. Some are very good, no doubt, and if you
had any idea at all how the conversation started you would know that
it was in answer to a specific statement made. I also get annoyed by
the tacit asssumption that all ex-pats are coming here to do good for
poor Nepalis, that Nepalis are third-rate, and that they all run away
if they can to wonderful countries that are so much better than this
one. There's very little in the development
game in this world that is not politically motivated. Mostly it's
simply 'keeping the doors shut'. Incidentally,spare the Marxist
twaddle based on your book learning.I go too far back for that.
I had great-grandparents
at the communist internationals who rejected the concepts and played an
instrumental part in laying down functioning democratic institutions
in their country, so spare me the lectures on Marxism , I was brought
up in a politically literate family and am not some dumb female
,which is obviously what you presime by the invective.
Tractors do not work,incidentally on steep gradients. A little
geological and cartographical logistics wouldn't hurt. I'm afraid
development has learned a lot from its mistakes, for the most part
mistakes that need not have been made .The Peace Corps is not under
attack here, but think of the goodwill it earned the American
government at low cost.Obviously you are proud of
America's democratic traditions, but contrary to your belief, it is
not the oldest democracy. There are one or two older,small, quite
insignificant nations
obviously to your way of thinking, or perhaps you've never heard of
them(incidentally I'm not talking about the U.K. , but their Civil
war certainly predated yours).Nor do I think that judging by the
often overt prejudice against the American black community
that these wonderful democratic principles have been totally
internalised by the whole of your nation.But I wouldn't blame the
whole of America for that, nor do I believe the whole of Nepal to
blame for its aberrations.
I admit Nepal is far from perfect.
There are factors in the development
game that exacerbate the imperfections. It just so happens that 40%
of our people live below poverty line-for four months of the year
they don't get a meal every day. Fifty percent of our children suffer
from malnutrition.Not all but some agricultural and horticultural
failures have been brought about by misplaced advice. I don't blame
development for all of it.I stated that had education been the
priority in the 50s( when this country had formulated a decent
education plan by the way) , we could be a lot further along today.
Obviously you
are not a social scientist, otherwise you would not be so snivelly
about the role of education and alternative productivity(that
education often leads to) as a child substitute. Not to mention the
fact that educated women are less likely to let others have control
over their bodies, no matter how oppressive the social system.
My emails are paid for by me, but they certainly
cost less than faxes, which I cannot afford.The computer is an
essential tool of my trade as was the typewriter before it,I bought
it with earnings from an international literary award.Since I am a woman
of non-Nepali origin I own nothing but what I earn and am entitled
to nothing more , so I find your query about my economic status
considering that you are in the west,
while I who was born there choose not to be, impertinent. It is also
based on my surname I am sure ,which I find prejudicial and gender
biased.Frankly aka, I have never
had a standard of living here that I had as a child growing up, so
much of your invective is redundant. The first essential of a
democratic mindset is to accept criticism . Your language is a
betrayal.You talk of foreign devils and their being benefactors.Most
of the money that comes in here comes as loans.Our grandchildren
and their grandchildren will be paying them back. I know many
Nepalese in America too. I don't begrudge them being there.Every
individual is free to choose his/her own destiny, that is an
inalienable human right.Yet there are many who see no good destiny
and who don't have the energy to choose. I responded to the fact that
one young lady thought that every ex-pat here was doing good for
Nepal and the people from Nepal who went to America were unwilling to
do so.It is not I who question the presence of ex-pat Nepalis in
America or elsewhere but some young lady somwhere who wonders why
they run away and don't do good for their country. Contrary to your
misreading of the whole conversation, I think the Nepalis in America
have every right to be there. It is what people from older nations
have done throughout history when they have had the dynamism and guts
to do so- not only to America but other new lands too. They have
ventured out because of famine ,persecution ( another of my ancestors
founded one of the States of the U.S. and invited all who were
persecuted to settle there , much to the chagrin, I am sure of the
native Indians).The wandering of the peoples has been going on since
the dawn of history in man's instinct to fight or fly.
My perspective of human goodnesses is much tempered by a wartime
childhood and the savagery of the human animal to its fellows. Just
cease spending money on waging war and short-term it puts people in
industrialised nations out of work, but not long term.And finally,I
happen to not believe in war because I come from a long line of
Quakers, not because I am a Marxist before you get back on that
hackneyed path. Thankyou for your response.Unfortunately it was to a
set of questions I never asked nor responded to. I have no opinions
either way of
Nepalis or any others who live and work in the U.S. As far as I am
concerned,the U.S. is fulfilling its obligations as written out on the
Statue of Liberty and as laid down in the edicts as believed in by
the founding fathers and mothers.No nation can do more than fulfill
the dreams of its honourable ancestors , which become, when much
publicised, in this current time , an obligation on their progeny.
I edit, process and publish between 35 to 40
technical publications a year that are used by specialists and
technicians.Many of our publications (in fact not many but most are
distributed free of cost). We assign our own ISBNs and have a publications'
catalogue. Send your address and I'll send you one, since you doubt
my credentials.
Greta Rana
Senior Editor
email: greta@icimod.org.np (off.)
grana@saligram.mos.com.np (res.)
Tel: 977-1-525313 (off.)
977-1-538001 (Res.)
Fax: 00977-1-536747
00977-1-522346
******************************************************************
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 1997 15:36:23 -0500
From: REFGID@library.phila.gov
To: tnd@NEPAL.org
Subject: http://www.nepal.org/re: why nepalis don't return home?
Hi,
I read with amused bewilderment articles on why nepalis don't return home.
Especially timely was Ms Greta Rana's Dec 4 article. She's my college
teacher, you know. She gave her view on why nepalis don't return from
Nepal's side. I'll attempt to give mine from this side of the Atlantic.
As I'm not a straight shooter, I'll use the pop method (some call it
cut-up style) to explain viewpoints, borrowing from everywhere and
anywhere if i have to. Here, I go on a ride.
As I am no economics major, let me give you the answer based on the only
Eco 101 course I took in freshman class. It's the economy, stupid! Yes,
the U.S. has (as I like to call it) the "grossest" national product
of any country in the world, and if you only perform average in the US
economic sector, you can enjoy the grossest national product (or income) per
capita of any country in the world. At the heart of it all is guess who?
The almighty US dollar, backed by the world's mightiest army. It
is stable, strong and as good as it comes, and people may have lost
faith in God and the country, but not in the Greenback, as was exemplified
in the eighties by the likes of Milken and Boesky ("Greed is Good")
who took the financial world on a ride, and made "insider trading" a
household name, thanks in part to that hollywood flick "THe Wall Street".
Historically, the dollar has appreciated relative to its wimpy
counterpart, the Nepali rupee both in real and nominal terms, making
it fashionable, if I may so put it, for the Nepali expats to patronize
Nepal by visiting it now and then, and indulging in "conspicuos con-
sumption". All the more reason to stay put in the US, since you
get more bang for your buck, should your heart ache for your homeland.
People in Nepali who make measly wages/salaries will look up to you as
a "big shot", and might even want to kiss you where the sun don't
shine. Hey, "chakari" is a time-honored Nepali tradition. Also, inflation
hardly ever hits double-digits in the US, often hovering around 3 to
5% rate! When the inflation hit double-digits during those supply-shock-
induced "stagflation" years in the early seventies give 'em
Keynesians a heart attack, you'd have thought they were going to
commit a mass suicide. So soon after Nixon had finally pronounced:"We're
all Keynesians, now." No wonder this crisis heralded the era of
supply-siders who wreaked havoc during the Reagan era, putting
the economy in a big deficit hole. And setting off another round of
Japan-bashing! In the third world, double-digit, triple-digit inflation
is a common occurrence, and it doesn't even make a headline. With
such low inflation, and correspondingly low interest rate (can
some economics genius tell me why interest rate in the US is
so low, despite the trilllion dollar deficit: economic theory would
have me believe otherwise), why put money in the savings account.
Put it in stocks and bonds, and cheer for the bull, and watch your
wealth grow. This is the bull season, been this way for some time.
The Dow Jones/SP 500 is at an all time high.Greenspan is nervous and jittery! But optimism rules the day.
But optimism continues. You think Nepalis are going to pack up
and head back to Jumla, Humla, or Ilam for good? No way, Jose!
It only gets better. Getting credit is the easiest thing in the US.
You might make 15 grand a year, and become 30 grand in debt that
same year! Isn't that simply amazing, since your shelter/home/bread
is not at risk? Only your credit report is bad. That's all.
Might make it tougher for you to get credit in the future, but
hey american mentality tells you live for now, the moment. Imagine
this: Once you land a decent job, you are in a position to
buy a car and even a house, under this credit system. Within a month
or two. In Nepal, this takes a lifetime. Ask Deepak Chopra, if you
have to. He'll tell you that this credit system was his salvation.
Got him is first car (VW) under the small downpayment-installment
plans, and suddenly "AMerica was the most beautiful country in the
world, with infinite possibilities." I don't begrudge him that
bit about "infinite possibilities" which he may have borrowed from
Borges, since his talk on "infinite possibilities" has made
him millions, with a cult following. Lots of beautiful girls.
Some sexual harrassment suits are pending, so I read. Now
that is SUCCESS. To be successful it's not enough to make
millions, some pretty damsels have to bring sexual harrassment
suits against you.
Now, given these above economic considerations, it's easy
to see why Nepalis don't want to return, and what they might
have to give up, should they decide to return. It's understandable
that successful nepalis might never return, but how about
the unsuccessful ones, the ones who are constantly hiding from
the Immigration officials, and making their living under the
table? Let me give you a true case study.I know a Nepali (yes,
illegal) guy who works as a pizza delivery boy, lives in a $450/month
apartment, owns 2 cars (thanks to the credit system),has a
surround sound system, laser disc player/laser discs, tv, vcr,
aptiva computer-- all the trinkets befitting the middle class
existence-- and loads of "weed" to get him through the day. He's
a hardworking Pizza delivery boy (a failure by Nepali standards!),
but would any Nepali doctor or lawyer in Nepal be willing to
trade place with him. May be not. What if I told you, he has a
beautiful blond chick (although trashy looking), that will send
a shiver down your l***s every time you look at her? Hell, even
Kurt Kobain and John Lennon didn't have it that good when it came
to women. Courtney Love? Yuk! Yoko Ono? Yuk! Yuk!! Yuk...ad infinitum!
You tell him in his face to give up Pizza delivery job here, and
take up a journalist's pen in Nepal, and he'll tell you:"What, are
you crazy?" and rightly so. Remember the joke about a janitor for
a circus who gets a better offer elsewhere, but doesn't want to
leave:"And, leave show business!I can't do it." Manual labor is
not all that bad, if you shop around. Many take manual labor as a
lifestyle choice. Like working in a oceanfront bar, so you could
surf all day. In fact, some blue collar jobs pay more than white-collar
jobs. If you want no pressure life, you can work for $8/hour in
Montana (air is clean, vistas are straight out of "Legend of the Falls",
there's no speed limit, you can race your car all you want, no
pollution, no noise, no urban hassles or ratrace choirs). These
are lifestyle choices made by the offspring of the so-called beat
generation who value experience over achievement, zen philosophy
over Adam Smithsian philosophy, cares not a rat's ass about
what you think but only how they feel. Beach bums, ski bums,
eco-freaks, neo-pagans, desert rats, rock-climbers, tree-huggers.
Most in some form of manual labor. Hell, it's not a manual labor
any more. They'll call it "manly labor", and take pride in the
fact. Who can blame them? Ever since Steinbeck, and Tennessey William
put such characters as Tom Joad (and that dude in A Street Car named
Desire)-- all from the working class background-- in a strong psychological
context in their fictions, there's been a sort of blue-collar chic going
on all along. Not to mention the Ash Can school of art that celebrated
"pro-worker" themes in its paintings-- the themes that didn't portray
workers as victims (as Marxists/Socialists might do), but rather as
proud to be working. The Fordsian quotation comes to mind:"All those who
"The factory is a temple, and all those who work in it worship there."
Something to be proud of really. This blue collar chic runs through the
very fabric of the American society. One out of one American does some
form of manual labor in his/her life time. My American college friend
who drove a BMW didn't mind doing dishes in a college restaurant, or
helping people move their stuff from one place to another ("bhariya")
for pay. Hell, I have mowed the lawn, worked as an usher, worked
as a busboy, cook at one time or another. It's not at all bad.
Now, let me take up the case study of that "fortunate" Nepali pizza
delivery guy. He'll tell you he has no plans for going back to Nepal,
and right now he'll tell you he feels good... damn you. His job
status doesn't bother him. He's astute, intelligent, and easy going (
i have seen him work wonders on girls). He is somewhat akin to that
Ivy League breed you occasionally hear about: the kind that makes
a living in carpentry, and reads Goethe and Schiller in his spare time.
Forget changing his mind. The blue-collar, six-pack variety is here
to stay.
Now, let's give psychology some considerations. When you first cross
the Atlantic, and hit the shore of the Promised Land, you know you've
crossed centuries, and leap-frogged from the poorest nation in the
world to the richest in the matter of 24 hours! Your album may have
been on number 100 position on the Billboard Chart yesterday, but today
it's in number one stop. No band, dead or alive, has ever pulled off
such a feat. Dig me? You can not even begin to fathom the psychological
impact this has on you... it takes years to unravel. Now let's develop
the case study farther. I'm sure you all know about Haitians/Cubans
who brave the shark-infested waters in their little dingy... and head
for the American shore, looking forward to the future as dishwashers/
busboys/street vendors/drug dealers, whatever... (that is risking life
for such a menial task)... you suddenly understand the perverse American
the perverse grip American dream has over us (if the Greeks invented
"man", America imbued him with the "American dream"). You may be a
pizza boy, but there are millions out there on high seas who would
die to get your job. Welcome to the brave new world of America. What
a psychological windfall! You may be a shoeshine boy, but when
when you think about the Cuban/Haitian/Mexican scenarios, you're
suddenly happy thinking about it. I never thought thinking made you happy,
but here is one instance of it. Now, there are millions of apple-pie
Americans in dead-end jobs. Some of them are labelled "white trash"
(the term coined first by Margaret Mitchell of "Gone with the Wind
fame). Now you come from Nepal, and even when you start from the
absolute bottom, in some sort of wierd relativistic way, you have
the impression of having caught up with these dudes/dudettes. Mind
you, these americans were here for generations... they had a
headstart over you... and america believes in progress in successive
generations. It's almost like saying the instant you arrive here,
there's this feeling of having caught of with these apple-pie americans.
Another psychological windfall! Who can blame the least successful
Nepalis for not returning home. Since, every time they compare themselves
with the least successful of their American brothers/sisters... they
can reap such psychological rewards. Fool's gold awaits them everywhere.
Quite frankly, I don't give a rat's arse whether one returns or not.
I think that's upto the individual, depending on his/her unique
circumstances. Nothing in the Nepali constitution says "You must
return, or your property will be confiscated". Of course, once
in a while you realize that you can take a boy out of the country, and
but you can't take the country out of the boy. At this time, the nationalist
spirit in you cries out:"Damn it, do something about your country. Ms
Greta Rana, and other concerned citizens would have you believe the
country's going down the drain." I survey the scene. Nepal is NOT
going down the drain.
It will still be there 100 years from now. It will outlast you. Worry about
yourself, boy. You can not flush a country and its culture down a toilet
hole. History teaches us that. There is the lament of this brain drain.
Foreigners are working there, filling up the vacuum left behind. Mother
Nepal can't have her cake and eat it too. Economics teaches us that.
Many Nepalis have made a transition to America beautifully. Why tell 'em
to go back, directly or indirectly. Why hold 'em back, lay guilt trips on
them. Life in the US is stressful as it is (despite the myth of the
land whose streets are paved with gold), they shouldn't have to shoulder
the burden of guilt. Cut them a break, will ya, you whining natiionalist
bores. They can do nicely without guilt, thank you very much. Also
leave the American-Nepalese are alone. They are not what you think
they are. I first made a mistake of treating them as any other Nepali
native until I was put in my proper place, and rightly so. They are not
arrogant or anything, perhaps a little bit perplexed. These American-
Nepalis have a different outlook, different issues to grapple with,
and a different character, borne out of the first generation experience
of having to navigate between their parents' culture ane their own,
while keeping their individuality intact, and sanity clear. I don't
know why, but when I hear that "come back to Nepal, and Bikas ko mul
Phutaun" slogan, it gives me a pause, and wonder if Bob Dylan was
right when he sang:"...he's trying to get you down in a hole he's in."
My parents said:"come back, and work for your motherland". If they were
not my parents, I would have laughed at their faces. I'm not
kidding. I know Nepalis who returned to Nepal to Bikas Ko Mul Phutaun,
but now are disgruntled, and harboring regrets. My sympathy to their
spouse, and the dog, who have to take his crap in strides.
My friend had this dilemma, whether to return or stay put. There are
some nepalis who'll tell you to back, although they are staying. They
perhaps want to see you worse off than you are. Reap another perverse
psychological windfall. I have no agenda. I may not write straight,
but God knows I have always talked straight (something you'll
miss when you go back home, where people never talk straight). I told him
point blank:"Dude, if you don't want to go. You don't have to."
He was not reassured. To reassure him, I said:" Why go to Nepal when
Nepal comes to you." Imagine the extreme scenario: you go back, only to
find that there's no Nepal. There's a sign on the border that says: NEPAL
GONE TO THE WEST. WILL BE BACK IN THE NEAR FUTURE. Too extreme perhaps,
but when you return to find all your school friends are in the West, you
get that empty feeling that if you were with those friends you would not
feel. They are Nepalese communities in the USA: Boston/DC/Denver/LA, etc.
Now NEPAL GONE WEST SIGN does seem quite credible, right. Now, nationalist
bores might say:"return home", and if home is where your heart is (as opposed
to your birthplace), the nepali pizza boy will tell you his heart is
in the USA, and hence his home. home is a debatable concept. nothing is
sacred, anymore. If you're in America, you can enjoy America, plus more.
If you're in Nepal, you can't even enjoy Nepal. Why is it then that
those who are in America who are here can afford trips to Europe and
the Carribean, and even Nepal, but those in Nepal can't even enjoy Nepal.
You have mountains in Nepal, but you're too damn poor to enjoy them. The
gist of this is this: if you're in America, you can enjoy both America and
Nepal (as you have the means to make frequent to-and-fro visits), but if
you're in Nepal, forget coming to America on a visit: it's too damn
cost-prohibitive. Why do they call Nepal a "landlocked" country?
'Cause if you're there, or poor you're "locked up", so to speak.
Decide for your self whether being in America is a better choice or
Nepal. If you're rational, and scientific...you know the answer.
I'm sure all those nationalistic bores would scream "come back, do something
about your country".... all those nationalistic sentimental lot who scream
"come back, do something for your country", must clear up one fallacy: that
you don't have to be physically present in Nepal to help Nepal. You can
do something for your country, without ever going back. what's technology such
as fax/e-mail for, anyway? sometimes, i get the feeling that the Nepali
expats are better able to help Nepal from their pulpits in Boston/DC/NY/
LA/Denver... if they are better organized. just like the Jewish Lobby Group\
that lobby the US government to make foreign policies favorable to Israel
vis a vis Palestine in the Mid-East Peace Process. The Nepali community in the
US has no political power. Zero, zilch! May be some financial power to back
certain political groups in Nepal. But I see their asset in the advisory role
they might play. Of course, these Ivy-League smarts are not going to run
for offices in Nepal. They don't want to go door-to-door soliciting votes.
They'd rather play advisory roles, from behind the scenes. They don't
want to "elected" to offices, they want to be "appointed" to offices.
They want to be part of the political process without having to pay the
price. Let the locals run for offices. Days are not far off when the
political decisions that affect Nepal might be made over pizza and a six-
pack in Boston/DC/NY/LA/Denver, while football game is going on on TV.
Already there are talks about dual-citizenship for Nepalis in the west.
Sooner or later, they will have their way. Not only have they forsaken
their country... but want to squeeze out what they can out of Nepal
while they are it. Mother Nepal is kind, and compassionate. She will
yield to their whims. When she is destroyed, it's going to be pure
poetry! Do you like poetry?
When all is said and done, it all boils down to "do what you have to do."
Although I have painted America in a positive light, if you were to, you
could paint it as a hell, and you'd be right. America where 70% of the people
live for pay check to pay check, you're only a stone throw away from homeless-
ness, there's no job securirity (axe could fall anytime), they may have
a lot but they also have a lot to worry about, after a while, everything
becomes a bore (i don't watch TV or own a computer), everything is treadmill
race, violence and crime is a problem, drugs are only an arm-length away,
attitude and cool are the latest currencies... after a while, you wish
you were a farmer. after a while America comes to resemble Nepal. The only
difference is here you sing the Mississipi Delta blues when you're sad;
in Nepal it's the Bagmati Delta blues. Names are different, but game is
the same everywhere. You deal with only a handful of issues in your life
time. The issues are the same everywhere, only the sceneries are different.
Just decide fast where to live and stick hard and fast. Don't be shifting you
r position on a chair, and scratching your butt. If it be America, settle here
permanently for good; if Nepal, then let it be. I have the feeling that
even 80% of the Nepalies in the west are still shopping, suffering from that
"the pasture's greener on the other side" syndrome. who can blame 'em?
when namche bazaar now resembles the Greenwich Village of Nepal. when America
goes to Nepal... and you wonder do those whiteys have it right?!!!or they
are they onto something?
if you decide fast, and settle down wherever you decide to stay, there's no
t much cost to pay. I pity those over-educated nepalies who go back and forth,
put in some writing stints as if they know, when they don't know; can't
decide what to do: work for Corporate America, or help Nepal develop.
Perhaps, these wise fools should look to the Nepali pizza delivery boy
for an answer to how to live without guilt and scars, feeling of failure
or success.
(Damn, now I'm beginning to souund like i'm talking from my arse, i'll
quit. I don't know where I was leading you on."
"Don't follow leaders, watch your parking meters"--- Bob Dylan.
******************************************************************
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 16:02:22 -0800
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
From: maya@ncgate.newcollege.edu (tsering gurung)
Subject: KATHA-KABITA
ELOPEMENT, RENO
It was the morning of the poem
Ten o'clock Wednesdays
Two young people
Mike & Tsering
At New College
In Tsering's kitchen
Love bloomed
Into a many petaled lotus
Driving the rocket
Across the Desert
Into the Nevada rainbow
Two hearts paired up June 15th
Silver Bells Wedding Chapel
Honeymoon: Dairy Queen
******************************************************************
Date: December 18, 1997
To: the Nepal Digest <nepal@cs.niu.edu>
Subject: Nepali News
Source: The Kathmandu Post
About 1 lakh Nepali sex workers in India
By a Post Reporter
KATHMANDU, Dec 17 The issues of girl trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation of women
and children are gaining prominence in national circles.
Throught history, the issues had been either tolerated, encouraged, prohibited or regulated. But in recent
times, they have taken centre stage because of the increasing reports of commercial sexual exploitation of
children.
Though there are a number of studies and reports on commercial sexual exploitation of women and
children, there are no reliable estimates of the extent and magnitude of trafficking.
A survey sponsored by the Central Social Welfare Board indicated that the population of Nepalese
women and child victims of commercial sexual exploitation in Indian brothels would be between 70
thousands to one hundred thousands.
It also revealed that about 30 percent of them are below 18 years of age.Nearly 40 per cent of them
were inducted when they were below 18 years of age.
"This really is a matter of serious concern", says Durga Ghimire, President of ABC/Nepal, an NGO."
The major contributory factor to the commercial sexual exploitation of women and children are poverty
and unemployment or lack of appropriate rehabilitation. Seventy percent of them are illiterate and 45
percent of them want to be rescued from the brothels. Trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation of
women and children are fundamental violations of rights of women and children. The social, physical,
psychological and moral consequences of commercial sexual exploitation of women and child victims are
serious, lifelong and even life threatening.
Ghimire says, " Threats of unwanted pregnancy, maternal mortality, torture, physical injury, physical
disabilities and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/ AIDS are ever present. Sex workers are in
danger of being caught up in the grip of various vices and criminal activities".
A three-day regional meeting held in Mumbai on December 8-10, organised by CEDPA, UNICEF,
UNFPA and Global Fund for Women had 315 participants representing 11 countries. There were 41
representatives from Nepal.
The regional meeting was held with the slogan "Girls Rights: Societys Responsibility Taking Action
Against Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking".
During the meeting, Mohini Giri, a representative from India said that it is imperative that all stakeholders
-GOs, NGOs, the media, and the communities pay more attention to strength response mechanism, to
re-orient culture attitudes and social values to be more sensitive to the child.
Also they should increase advocacy for child rights and work towards a more active participation of
children in all matters affecting their lives.
During the program, strict surveillance with a view to curbing the inflow of minors to Indian brothels and
strong cooperation between GOs and NGOs of different countries were discussed.
******************************************************************
From: Bhuban Pandey <bhubanp@admin.stedwards.edu>
Subject: Happy Holidays!
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu (The Nepal Digest)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 1997 8:18:41 CST
Dear Netters:
We like to wish you a happy holiday season and
also a very happy and prosperous NEW YEAR.
Thanks.
Bhuban, Prabha and Bhumika Pandey
Austin, Texas
**********************************************************
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 1997 20:31:29 GMT
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
From: carin@activist.com (H Brown)
Subject: New Interactive Web Site on Nepal: Protecting Women
>Do it for Nepal and do it for women everywhere.
I'm very grateful to Aiko for publicising this web site again.
However, due to a technical problem, the site is currently
not interactive. It is definitely going to be interactive again in the
near future!
Meanwhile I hope everyone will please look at it, think about the
trauma that innocent human beings are forced to endure through
no fault of their own and imagine how they too would suffer if this
had been their lot in life. Compassion is the mark of a fine human
being.
I've read the constitution of Nepal. A sizeable part of it is based
on the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights: the
equality of all people regardless of gender or social status: the right
of all people not to be sold into slavery or subjected to degrading or
humiliating treatment and many other similar provisions. This
constitution is so recent! I was in Nepal during the Jana Andolan and
remember popular sentiments.
Yet I have heard more about sex trafficking since the change to
democracy that I was aware of before that time. I am not implying
it wasn't a problem before. Another post in the Digest mentioned
"Panchayati oppression". Still the questions are: Why? When will
enough people care for their fellow human beings?
Regards
Helen Brown
carin@gn.apc.org
carin@activist.com
Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter.
-
Martin Luther King, Jr.
*********************************************************
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 17:03:44 +0100
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
From: Gustav Ericson <guvern97@student.umu.se>
Subject: Universities in Kathmandu
My name is Gustav Ericson and I live in a town in Sweden called Ume=E5.
I am writing to You to ask for help.
It=B4s like this; I have been trying for a month now to get in touch with
somebody in Kathmandu because I would like to come and study at the
University there (Kathmandu University or Tribhuvan University) after the
next summer (1998), but it is very hard for me to get in touch with anybody.
So, I wonder if You can help me.
Do you know somebody that I could call or fax or e-mail or anything to get
information about the universities in Kathmandu?
I would really be thankful if You could help me with this.
Thank You very much
My adress for paper mail:
Gustav Ericson
G=F6kropsv. 6c
906 51 Ume=E5
Sweden
E-mail: guvern97@student.umu.se
=46ax: +46 60 18 59 29
Phone: +46 90 77 01 28
********************************************************************
From: Anil.Sakya@brunel.ac.uk
Subject: Lumbini
To: nepress@wlink.com.np
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 10:16:04 +0000 (GMT)
For use of publication
from Bhikkhu Sugandha
****
LUMBINI IS FORMALLY INCLUDED IN THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST.
The World Heritage Committee meeting in Naples, Italy, has formally
included LUMBINIoethe birthplace of Lord Buddha in the World
Heritage List. This was announced by the United Nations Educational
Scientific and Cultural Organization on Thursday the 4th December
1997 in Naples, Italy.
The World Heritage List states Lumbini is inscribed on the World
Heritage List on the basis of criteria iii and vi:
'As the birthplace of the Lord Buddha, the sacred area of Lumbini
is one of the holiest places of one of the world's great religions,
and its remains contain important evidence about the nature of
Buddhist pilgrimage centres from a very early period.'
According to Association Press Lumbini was included with dozens of
other sites like Pompeii as world cultural treasures, and wildlife
parks in Africa and an ancient Albanian village on Unesco's
endangered culture list.
All of the 10 cultural and natural sites proposed by Italy won
entry on Unesco's World Heritage list, announced at a conference in
Naples.
Selection makes sites eligible for Unesco funding and improves
their chances in lobbying home countries and international
organizations for money and technical expertise needed for
restoration and improved security.
Before this conference, 506 sites had earned Unesco's designation
during the last quarter-century. Four dozen sites were added to the
list on 4 December 1997.
The committee's recommendations for future action at Lumbini is to
mobilize international resources in scientific and technical fields
and in site management, especially with regard to ancillary
services for visitors and pilgrims.
The original nomination of Lumbini, which was deffered by the World
Heritage Bureau at its 17th Session in June 1993, included a number
of separate archaeological sites associated with the life and work
of the Lord Buddha. Two of these, Kapilavastu (Tilaurakot), where
the Lord Buddha lived as Prince Siddhartha before his
enlightenment, and Ramagrama, the only relic stupa not opned by
Ashoka, now figure as individual sites on the tentative list
submitted by the State Party, which has been advised by a former
President of the World Heritage Committee to combine them with
Lumbini as a serial nomination.
The committee for considering, ICOMOS has shown their no objection
in principle to this proposal, but it is of the opinion that the
current state of knowledge, conservation, and management of both is
not sufficiently advanced to permit their being included in the
present nomination. It recommends therefore that this should await
the completion of the programme of non-destructive archaeological
investigation, using geophysical techniques, during the coming
biennium and preparation of satisfactory conservation and
management plans.
Once this work has been completed, the State Party should be
invited to submit the two sites as extensions to an existing
inscribed site of Lumbini, with a change of title indicating the
association of all three with the life and work of the Lord Buddha.
Bhikkhu Sugandha (Anil Sakya)
*********************************************************
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 1997 07:06:59 -0700 (MST)
From: Gopal Dongol <dongolg@cuug.ab.ca>
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
Subject: Seasons Greetings
Dr. Gopal Dongol
Geo-Engineering (M.S.T.) Limited
Suite 217. 3016 -19th Street
N.E. Calgary Alberta
E-Mail: dongolg@cuug.ab.ca
SEASONS GREETINGS
My warm breath bellowed on the cold crisp air
As I mumble to myself with sincere prayer
The snow started to thaw with the sunrise
which might not have been otherwise
Imagine! The top of "Everest" acting like a chimney
Like the rising fog draped over in down-town "Sydney"
The shimmering lights displayed in the "Tengboche Monastery"
The "YETI"* dozing through snow is still a mystery
The "BHARIA"* walked upslope in his bare feet
Thinking with his massive load, how to make both ends meet?
In the "CHAUTARI"* rested his load beneath the "PIPAL TREE"*
Glimpsed upslope the remaining trail as far as he could see
I laid down my heavy load under a New Year's tree
I closed my eyes and made myself a little bit free
Bare footed I am, must struggle off the difficult steps
Portioning the weight with "NAMLO"* the Nepalese forehead tape
In Canada, I flew over the "Peace River" with "Geo-Engineering"
Thinking and learning how to do "directional drilling"
I have seen the helicopter when it went down
And walked miles in the bush to the nearest town
With Himalayan smell of smouldering Juniper, let me pray
For your good health and happiness as best as I can say
"Mani Walls" and "Prayer Stones" have its own incredible sights
By the voices of the helpless soared to improbable heights
The whisperings of the "Prayer Flags" are messages for "Peace"
Flickerings of "butter-candles" on the altar, God will not miss
Blowings on long copper horns by the monks made me feel
Mother "Earth" as my ever-spinning "Prayer Wheel"!
YETI*= Himalayan abominable snowman
BHARIA*= Himalayan Porter;
CHAUTARI*= Open ground built for resting along the mountain trail planted
with usually two trees ( Pipal tree & Bar tree). People perform wedding
ceremony of the two trees so that the couple could live in harmoney
giving shade to the passerby
PIPAL TREE*= Religiously important tree planted in CHAUTARI
NAMLO*= Wide strap used by the Himalayan porters to portion most of the
back-pack weight across his/her forehead.
**********************************************************
From: MH8@soas.ac.uk
To: NEPAL@cs.niu.edu
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 1997 21:33:21 GMT
Subject: Re: The Nepal Digest
It is very difficult to know how to respond to Mr. Khagendra Sangraula's
vicious attack on my work, which paraded itself as a 'review' but did
not show any evidence that its author had actually read any of the books
or articles to which he pretended to take such grave exception. It
would appear that he has identified or has been alerted to two 'errors'
of translation in the work I have published over the past seven years
('Himalayan Voices: an Introduction to Modern Nepali Literature' (1991);
an essay in 'Nepal in the Nineties' (1994); and a 1994 edition of the
'Journal of South Asian Literature' that I guest-edited). On the basis
of these two alleged errors, he has formed a view of my character,
motivation, political leanings, morality and intellectual ability that I
find grossly insulting. The reference to the colour of my skin in this
supposed evaluation of my work suggests a racist agenda that I find
deeply repugnant.
I am concerned that readers of Mr. Sangraula's diatribe will form a view
of my work and motivation that, like Mr. Sangraula's, has no basis in
fact. I choose therefore to counter his allegations not with the kind
of invective that he has employed but with extracts from the essay on
the literature of the democracy movement to which he pretends to object
but clearly has not read. Then readers of his 'review' and this
response will be able to form their own views about the validity of his
allegations.
1. Mr. Sangraula alleges that the mirror he says I have held up to
Nepali literature 'has mainly refracted images of the literature given
its own lal mohar by the Royal Academy'. 'Himalayan Voices' went to
press just as the interim government was being established in 1990. It
includes poems and stories by 21 poets and 16 short story writers, very
few of whom were members of the Academy at the time, and includes among
others Parijat, who I have always considered one of the greatest writers
Nepal has ever produced. About the Academy I wrote in the essay:
"The Academy was founded by King Mahendra in 1959 and is the kingdom's
foremost institution for the promotion of literature and the arts. The
fact that the king himself was the academy's Chancellor meant that
palace favour played a significant role in the selection of members,
despite King Birendra's expressed willingness to allow the
vice-chancellor complete discretion. Members who acquiesced to the
culture within the academy usually had their memberships renewed after
the initial five-year term, but others did not. The academy's critics
called it a graveyard of artists or a common dance hall (nach ghar)."
2. Mr. Sangraula makes much of my 'apparent love for commando culture'.
He has not read the articles about Nepali writers and censorship I
published in Index on Censorship during the late 1980s and early 1990s,
nor can he have read what I wrote about the Panchayat system in the
essay he condemns:
"After December 16th 1960, when King Mahendra revoked the democratic
constitution of 1959, abolished the elected government and exiled or
imprisoned its leaders, Nepalis were not free to engage in party
political activities or to criticise the actions of the king. To stand
for election to the panchayat units set up under a new constitution in
1962, they had to enlist in one of five, or latterly six, class
organisations, and the system became less and less representative,
accountable and responsive to public opinion. Alienated from the
political establishment, and subjected to professional demotion,
imprisonment or, latterly, police brutality, if they criticised it too
publicly, a very large proportion of the new generation of educated
Nepalis turned their minds to literature."
3. Mr. Sangraula accuses me of engaging in 'absurd acrobatics to
conceal the ugly aspects of the Rajat Poetry Campaign's mandalization,
through instilled terror and proffered enticements, of independent
consciences and poetry alike'. Again, an extract from the essay should
provide some much-needed clarity here:
"The compromises that Nepali academics had to make under the Panchayat
regime were clearly evident in the affair of Chandani Shah. This was
the pen-name adopted by Queen Aishwarya, whose romantic and patriotic
lyrics were published in 1987 and entered a second edition the following
year (Shah 1988). The second edition consisted of 27 pages of poetry
followed by 323 pages of laudatory essays commissioned by the editor
from thirty leading literary scholars. Chandani Shah's songs no doubt
possessed considerable charm, but all critical faculties were suspended
and all pretence to objectivity abandoned as writers and academics vied
with one another to heap the most extravagant praise upon them."
4. Mr. Sangraula accuses me of 'banishing' the words 'and protest
against injustice' from Bimal Nibha's poem 'Patan'. This is what the
essay actually says:
"Bimal Nibha's 'Patan' contains the kind of emotion that one would
expect in a poem composed while the population of Patan was erecting
barricades at the entrances to the town, and declaring it a 'zone of
democracy':
Excitement, anger and revolt
Are prohibited by written order,
Murder has become legal.
The red blood that flows from your breast
Is anarchy.....
'Consciousness' is an unconstitutional word.
No kind of restlessness will be tolerated now.
People of Patan,
Your lives are declared illegal."
5. Mr. Sangraula accuses me of omitting three words from a translated
quote from one of his own essays, and makes much of the supposedly
reactionary and pro- 'commando culture' motives that inspired this
omission. I am quite prepared to own up to this slip, but Mr.
Sangraula's explanation for it makes very little sense. If I was
'pro-commando culture', why would I have read, translated and published
his words at all? Again, here is the offending paragraph:
"A more positive aspect of the aftermath of Nepal's revolution has been
an atmosphere of greater freedom of expression. Many articles have
appeared in newspapers and elsewhere which would have exposed their
authors, and the papers' editors, to a range of punitive measures prior
to mid-1990. In one such article in the Saptahik Bimarsha of December
14th 1990, Raghu Pant mocked the excessive deference to royal
sensibilities required of flightcrew on RNAC flights when the king and
queen were on board. According to Pant, staff were not allowed to be
seen walking to the aircraft lavatory, and had to urinate into bottles
in the cockpit. In an essay entitled 'Chandani Shah and Pieces of
Silver', Khagendra Sangraula suggested that those who had praised the
queen's poems so immoderately only a few months earlier were hurriedly
donning the clothes of democracy: "Now the brave Nepali people are
praised to the sky, while all talk of Chandani Shah has fled down a
hole. It's amazing! Who was where yesterday, and where are they
today ?" (Sangraula 1990: 23)
6. Mr. Sangraula accuses me of ignoring or downplaying the censorship
policies of the Panchayat governments. Just for the record, here is
another extract from the essay:
"The Nepali press came under severe pressure during the early days of
the movement. For many years journalists had been prohibited from
reporting the activities of the banned political parties, while the
doings of the royal family dominated the headlines, particularly in the
government-subsidised papers Gorkhapatra and The Rising Nepal. Between
February 15th and March 26th, 1990, police confiscated the print-runs of
privately-owned newspapers on at least eighteen occasions, and about
forty-five journalists and editors were detained. Gorkhapatra and The
Rising Nepal published long articles and editorial statements in defence
of panchayat democracy, and attacked 'foreign elements' (meaning India)
for meddling in Nepal's internal affairs. It is clear from several
confessional articles published in the twenty-fifth anniversary issue of
The Rising Nepal (December 18th, 1990) that most of the journalists
employed by the newspaper felt profoundly uncomfortable in their role as
apologists for the Panchayat system. It has been suggested that the
extreme, even excessive deference shown to members of the royal family
in reports published while the movement was in progress may have been
the journalists' own sarcastic, muted protest."
7. Mr. Sangraula postures angrily about my supposed maltreatment of
Bhupi's poetry and quotes the Nepali original and my translation of the
celebrated poem 'Sadhain-Sadhain Mero Sapanama'. His reading of the
line 'Malayaka asankhya-asankhya manisharuko' differs from mine in that
he believes this to refer to the people of Malaya, whereas I interpreted
it as a reference to the Gurkha soldiers who fought in Malaya during the
1950s and incurred heavy casualties. He may be right, and I may be
wrong, but it does seem to me that the line admits either reading,
especially when it is recalled that the expression 'Malayaka laahure'
was often used before the British Briagade of Gurkhas was relocated to
Hong Kong to refer to Gurkhas more generally. If this was an error on
my part, it was wholly inadvertent and is not an indication of some
murky, sinister motive. Mr. Sangraula goes on to say that the final
line of my translation of this poem 'completes the hatchet job,
obscuring Bhupi's harshly honest, complex relation to the history of our
country.' Here is the original and my translation:
ah, mero sapanama malai
mero bipanako itihasle ghrina garchha
Ah in my dreams I am loathed
by the history of my awakening.
I simply cannot see what is wrong with this translation.
8. Finally, Mr. Sangraula turns to the 1994 edition of the 'Journal of
South Asian Literature' that I guest-edited, and states that it seems
based on 'a whimsical "hi-hallo" announcing, 'even in Nepal, there is
literature!'' Well yes, Mr. Sangraula, that was part of its purpose.
This American journal has been published twice a year for the past 29
years. Each issue contains stories, poems, essays etc. translated from
various South Asian literatures, along with critical and analytical
essays. The only Nepali content during the past 29 years has been a
single book review by Dr. Taranath Sharma. Readers of this journal may
well need to be told 'even in Nepal, there is literature' because for
the past three decades no one else has bothered to tell them.
And yes, the journal does contain my translation of B.P. Koirala's story
'The Colonel's Horse'. Like many of B.P.'s stories, this depicts a
situation in which a woman suffers because of customs and practices that
devalue and degrade her: in this case, a young woman who has been
married to an elderly colonel. I deemed it worthy of translation
because all Nepali scholars and critics agree that it is one of the best
stories written by one of Nepal's most accomplished writers. Dr.
Taranath Sharma, in his book 'Nepali Sahityako Itihas' writes:
"The subtle psychological analysis of sexual deviation (yaunavikriti)
that proceeds from the relationship between husband and wife is a
particular speciality of Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala's stories. His 'The
Colonel's Horse' (Karnelko Ghodaa) is an extremely popular (saahrai nai
janapriya) story in Nepali literature. The superiority of this story is
unchallenged in the genre of the psychological story. This story has
shown with great artistry how a marriage between people of different
ages cannot provide the gratification of sexual desire and how this
frustration brings deviance." (2nd edn., B.S. 2039 , p. 119 (my
translation))
As Dr. Sharma says, the story's treatment of the topic is subtle: it is
not explicit in any sense of the word, but points obliquely to a social
problem that its author believed required attention. Mr. Sangraula
castigates me for translating it. And in the same breath he claims to
be against censorship. I leave it to TND readers to draw their own
conclusions.
Michael Hutt
School of Oriental and African Studies London
tel. 171-323-6240/6251
fax 171-436-3844 or 171-436-2664
e-mail mh8@soas.ac.uk
************************************************************
From: Mohan.Amatya@dao.defence.gov.au
To: nepal-request@cs.niu.edu
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 1997 16:09:09 +1000
Subject: India Boosts Nepal Border Patrols
Dear Editor
A gundruk but interesting piece of news from the Jane's Defence Weekly
(22/10/97) for your next TND is attached.
Cheers from Mohan
India Boosts Nepal Border Patrols
India has boosted its permanent deployment of paramilitary Border Security
Force troops along its border with Nepal, apparently as part of a crackdown
on insurgent activities. Security should be further boosted with the
construction starting this year of a surfaced road parallel to the frontier
along the whole length of Uttar Pradesh state, which will aid patrolling.
*********************************************************
To: nepal-request@cs.niu.edu
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 1997 06:05:16 +0530
Subject: Why Nepalese don't want to go back to Nepal
From: kantipur@juno.com (Himal Ghimire)
I don't thik there is anything else left to say regarding the issue of
why Nepalese are not attracted toward their beautiful country after
reading Greta Rana's reaction on TND of 4th December. There is no doubt
that foreigners have done a great deal for the development of the
country.
I always seems to amage me ever i ask any foreigner who has been to our
country, Nepal, what their thoughts about it are. They say that they love
it and want to go again and those Nepalese who are here never seem to be
attracted by Nepal.
The so called great leaders are busy in struggling for power. They think
that development is their enemy. the moist and the Uml join hands in
order to eradicate their opponients and also normal people who work for
the development of the country. Teacher starting getting letter to share
half their income with the maoist. how much does a vill age teacher earn
that me can share. so on top of every thing, the major factor that
prevents the Nepalese who are already here is the fear that the
anti-development elements that are pesent in our country might eradicate
them.
i don't know whethr Greta Rana has got a letter for financial help from
the maoist or not. I am certain that if she gets one and is not willing
to help them then she will also get letters that might treaten her to
leave development alone.
They only way to bring back these Nepalese is the hang these anti
democratic elements, who in the name of democracy are pushing the country
inside a black cave from where it is almost impossible to come out again,
on the to of Dharara and shoot the with AK - 47. This is the only way to
open the door for people to come back to the country and develope the
country.
Himal Ghimire
8346 Willowdale Way
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Phone : (916) 967 - 7375
e-mail : kantipur@juno.com
**************************************************************
To: nepal@cs.niu.edu
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 18:03:41
Subject: Fujikura's
From: across@across.wlink.com.np (SANGITA)
Hello! I read the book review by Tatsuro Fujikura in your Digest. I
was pretty interested in his research theme. Could you forward me
his e-mail address please.
Sangita Rayamajhi
Editor/publisher
Across Magazine
*************************************************************
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 1997 13:39:46 -0800
From: "BHATTARAI, SAROJ" <S.BHATTARAI@CGNET.COM>
Subject: Fr. GAFFNEY
To: 'Raj Pal Singh' <a10rjs1@cs.niu.edu>
Please forweard this to any Xavierites as well as can you please put it
in SOC.CULTURE or TND. Thanks
We will be sending a condolence message on behalf of the Xavierites
based in USA/Canada to remember our dedicated teacher, friend, and
Social Worker, the late Father Gafney . We plan to put it in the local
Kathmandu paper- either Kathmandu Post or Rising Nepal preferably as a
full page message. Please send donation if you want to take part in
this. The money will go to Father Gaffney's Drug Rehab Program as well
as for paying for this message . Please pass this message to all the
Xavierites you know. Anup's address is as follows:
Anup Pahari
9200 Olden Ct
Manassas, VA 20110
******************************************************************************
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* issues concerning Nepal. All members of tnd@nepal.org will get a copy of *
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* Education *
* Technology *
* Social/Cultural Issues *
* Environment/Population *
* Women/Children *
* Tourism *
* Foreign Policy *
* History *
* Military/Police *
* Politics *
* 6. CHOOT_KILA (Humor, Recipies, Movie Reviews, Sattaires etc.) *
* 7. JAN_KARI: Classifides (Matrimonials, Jobs etc) *
* 8. KHOJ_KHABAR (Inquiring about Nepal, Nepalis etc. ) *
* 9. TITAR_BITAR: Miscellaneous (Immigration and Taxex etc. ) *
* *
* COPYRIGHT NOTE *
* -------------- *
* The content contributors are responsible for any copyright violations. *
* TND, a non-profit electronic journal, will publish articles that has *
* been published in other electronic or paper journal with proper credit *
* to the original media. *
* *
******************************************************************************
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This archive was generated by hypermail 2b29 : Tue Jan 11 2000 - 11:15:59 CST